Background: A number of factors have been identified to affect DNA analysis for forensic purposes. SMFP compound which is constituted in toothpaste is one of those factors identified to cause this effect. The impact of this compound in forensic science is far evidenced to contaminate, inhibit and destroy biological samples. Toothbrush, one of preferable forensic evidences to recover biological sample in contact (brushing); might not be useful in identifying an individual if the person used toothpaste of SMFP compound. The SMFP reaction leads to inhibited band visualisation, concentration and purity contamination that lead to a failed analysis. This study presents experimental observational findings on the detrimental effects of the compound on DNA concentration and purity profiled from sample recovered from toothbrush. Results: Using spectrophotometer with complementary findings from electrophoresis, it was found that among the ten samples analysed one sample had extreme DNA concentration of 371 μg/ml with minimal purity measurement A260/A280 ratio of 1.25. Concentration analysed portrays the detrimental effect that damage and destroy DNA molecules into increased segmented molecules. Purity readings suggest the lowered amount of intact DNA molecules that would be enough to make into PCR. Also, PCR and electrophoresis method portrayed inhibition and failed visualisation of sex gene band contrast. Twofold phenomena emerged: limited DNA targeted locus for electrophoresis and DNA ionic irresponsive interactions. These are suggested by a twofold causation; one being non-polymerisation of the targeted DNA region and the other was destructed molecular structure acted by SMFP respectively. Conclusion: SMFP compound impedes concentration and purity of DNA physical samples, thereby affecting the physical sample by hindering forensic profiling through damaging DNA molecule to a no applicability and acceptability state. These findings verdict contributes to the understanding of SMFP constituted toothpaste action on biological sample during DNA forensic analysis.

Marriage is the process of forming a new family and social relationship. In the past, the Kaili community was aware of endogamy marriage system, which does not allow to do marriage with ethnicity other than Kaili. But, with the development of era, ethnicities such as ethnic Chinese and Arabs have entered the Kaili ethnic or Kaili ethnic settlements. Ethnic societies have occurred, and today, there are many who make different ethnic marriages. The purpose of this study is to describe the differences in ethnic marriage problems where different ethnic marriages often occurred in the Kaili ethnic community. The research subjects were four different ethnic couples-the marriage of two Chinese-Kaili couples and two Arab-Kaili couples. This descriptive research was conducted by collecting the information through passive and active observation followed by the interview with the subject. Data analysis was conducted by grouping data from observations, interviews, and field notes and then interpreted. The results obtained from this study were from the four different ethnic couples. The majority have obstacles related to the blessing of parents and family, but thanks to the beliefs and efforts of each pair to convince parents and family, the marriage can be done. This happens due to of differences in culture and point of view on life. Therefore, in this case, marital adjustment is required. The greater the cultural differences, the greater the difference in communication both in language and in nonverbal cues. Thus, it can be concluded that communication is the main thing required in the matter of adjusting different ethnic marriages.