Pemanfaatan potensi biomassa yang terdapat di Kalimantan Selatan dengan raw material melimpah, salah satunya adalah kayu gelam yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan bakar co-firing boiler untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga uap sehingga dapat mengurangi penggunaan bahan bakar fosil batubara. Serbuk kayu gelam dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pellet dengan penambahan perekat atau tanpa perekat. Dalam penelitian ini menganalisa bagaimana penambahan perekat tepung tapioka menpengaruhi karaktersitik sifat fisik pellet kayu gelam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi ukuran mesh dan persentase perekat tapioka terhadap sifat fisik pellet kayu gelam. Metode yang digunakan adalah secara eksperimental. Pellet kayu gelam dibuat dengan menggunakan variasi ukuran serbuk (mesh) 40, 50, dan 60 serta menggunakan perekat tapioka dengan persentase perekat 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Pellet kayu gelam selanjutnya di lakukan pengujian di laboratorium Baristand Banjarbaru. Pellet kayu gelam diuji meliputi pengujian sifat fisik yang terdiri dari nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat-zat terbang (volatile matter), dan kadar karbon terikat (fixed carbon). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan pellet kayu mengalami peningkatan pada kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar zat-zat terbang seiring semakin kecilnya ukuran serbuk (mesh) kayu gelam. Sedangkan kadar karbon terikat dan nilai kalor pellet kayu mengalami penurunan seiring dengan semakin kecilnya ukuran serbuk (mesh) kayu gelam. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan perekat tapioka mempengaruhi karakteristik sifat fisik pellet kayu, semakin tinggi persentase perekat maka kadar air, kadar zat-zat terbang, dan kadar abu semakin meningkat. Sementara itu, penambahan persentase perekat pada pellet kayu menyebabkan penurunan pada kadar karbon terikat dan nilai kalornya.
South Kalimantan is one of the natural habitats of gelam wood. In South Kalimantan, gelam wood can grow well and fertile. This makes the availability of gelam wood abundant and can be used for various purposes, one of which can be used as raw material for wood pellets (biomass energy). Wood pellets made from gelam wood have not been widely studied, so it is necessary to know the effect of the size of gelam wood powder and the addition of the percentage of adhesive on the physical properties of gelam wood pellets. Wood pellets made from gelam were made using various sizes of powder (mesh) 40, 50, and 60 as well as using flour adhesive (percentage of adhesive 5%, 10%, and 15%). Gelam wood pellets were then tested for physical properties in order to determine their performance. From the research that has been carried out, it is found that the volatile matter content, ash content, and water content tend to increase with the smaller size of the gelam sawdust. Meanwhile, the calorific value and fixed carbon content have a tendency to decrease with the smaller size of the gelam sawdust. volatile matter content, ash content, and water content tend to increase as the percentage of adhesive is increased. Meanwhile, the calorific value and fixed carbon content tend to decrease with the increase in the percentage of the amount of adhesive.
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