The ulama have played an important role in the intellectual development in the Malay Archipelago. They have significantly and meaningfully contributed in spreading knowledge, confirming to the foundation of Islamic teachings, which is fundamentally the emphasis of knowledge. History has shown that the involvement of Malay ulama when it comes to their writings as well as their role in the development of educational institutions have left a major impression on the excellence of the Malay community civilization in Malay Archipelago. As such, this paper will be focusing on the role and contribution of Malay ulama in the educational and intellectual development in Perak, especially in Madrasah Idrisiah Bukit Chandan Kuala Kangsar Perak. The establishment and development of Madrasah Idrisiah were closely related to the role of sultan and a number of prominent ulama who were the catalysts to the intellectual development of the madrasa. Based on this, the study will attempt to highlight the role of the respective ulama, as they were also very influential and proactive in the propagation of Islam in Perak.

Islamic education has made a significant contribution to the development process of Malaysia. Ever since preachers introduced Islam to Malaya, Islamic education has found a home in the hearts of the Malays. Its long journey has resulted in the establishment of a dual system of Islamic education. Thus, this study presents a qualitative-based method through data collection and past studies. Finding research look the Malays are still staunch supporters of the traditional system while the dual-stream system is a catalyst for Islam's empowerment in Malaysia. Therefore, this article aims to discuss how the Malaysia's government has modernised the structure and form of the Islamic education system, particularly in dual system Islamic education and Malaysia's Islamic education system maintained both traditional and modern methods.

Tahfeez and Al-Quran education holds a place in the parents' hearts these days who would wish for their children to be the memorizers of al-Quran. The number of tahfeez institutions is also seen to be increased through the years by its establishments by the government and private sectors that are developed personally or by certain parties. Behind those high requests for the tahfeez institution application through the years, tahfeez education system is still deemed to be improved in many aspects for the empowerment of the institution. This study was conducted with the library research approach and the documentary method which involves the analysis of scholarly materials such as books, journals, proceedings, and encyclopaedias. The overall findings of this study suggest that an awareness factor plays a role in the decision of parents to have tahfeez schools as the institution of choice for their children. Thus, this paper will be discussing the factors that influence the decision of parents to send their kids to be educated at tahfeez schools.

No abstract

This article examines the racial unity in Malaysia based on ZA’BA’s educational ideology. The objective of this study aims at revealing the living conditions of the ethnic communities in Malaya around the 19th century. It also analyzes the ideological thinking ZA’BA education based on ethnic-based economic activities. In addition, the study will also assess the development of education towards ethnic unity and development of the country without discrimination against any ethnic. This study used the method of a literature review by means of document analysis. The study found that the economic gap can occur as a result of neglecting education. Education is a pillar of civilization that ensures the country's development through ethnic unity. ZA’BA observations are on the implementation of the ethnic-based economy is a problem and the leading cause of unity. It served as an aid towards the Malay community in a changing way of life, then to the basis of ethnic unity and development of the Malaysia today. Keywords: Ethnic diversity; economic; education; unity ABSTRAK: Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji perpaduan kaum di Malaysia berdasarkan ideologi pendidikan ZA’BA. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengkaji keadaan hidup masyarakat pelbagai etnik di Tanah Melayu sekitar abad ke-19M. Selain itu, ia turut bertujuan menganalisis ideologi pemikiran pendidikan ZA’BA berdasarkan kegiatan ekonomi berasaskan etnik. Di samping itu, kajian juga menilai perkembangan pendidikan ke arah perpaduan etnik dan pembangunan negara tanpa diskriminasi terhadap mana-mana etnik. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan ialah kajian kepustakaan menerusi kaedah analisis dokumen. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa jurang ekonomi boleh berlaku kesan daripada pengabaian terhadap aspek pendidikan. Pendidikan merupakan tunggak ketamadunan yang menjamin pembangunan negara melalui perpaduan etnik. Pemerhatian ZA’BA terhadap pelaksanaan ekonomi berasaskan etnik merupakan masalah dan punca utama kepada perpaduan kaum. Ia sekaligus menjadi membantu ke arah masyarakat Melayu dalam mengubah cara hidup, seterusnya menjadi asas kepada perpaduan etnik dan pembangunan negara Malaysia hari ini. Kata kunci: Kepelbagaian etnik, ekonomi, pendidikan, perpaduan