The novel anionic surfactant sodium 3-oxo-2-(3-(4-sulphonatophenyl)triaz-2-enyl) octadecanoate (SSTO) was prepared from renewable raw materials; glycine and palmitic acid. Surface and bulk properties of SSTO were investigated by surface tension technique at 298, 308, 318 and 328 K. A series of important parameters including critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess concentration (Γ max ), minimum area per molecule (A min ), surface tension at CMC (γ CMC ), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (Π CMC ) and efficiency of surface adsorption (pC 20 ). The effect of 3 wt% n-propanol, n-butanol and npentanol was also considered at 298 K.

A series of new thioxopyrimidine, 4H-pyrans, pyranopyridine and pyranopyrimidine derivatives with expected biological activity have been prepared through the reaction of 6phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-4(5H)-one 4 and 7-Amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4phenyl-2-thioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile 11b with some electrophilic reagents and nucleophilic reagents. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectral studies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSPyrimidinethione 4 was prepared through the two-component reaction of thiourea and ethylbenzoylacetate. The structure of the reaction product could be SINAI Journal of Applied Sciences 52 Elian, et al.

Many heterocyclic compounds were prepared from the reaction of 2-imino-6-phenyl-2,3dihydropyrimidin-4(5H)-one 4 with some bifunctional nucleophiles and electrophiles reagents under mild conditions .The structure of the synthesized compounds were established via their elemental and spectral analysis. Some of the products were also screened in vitro for their biological activity.

New derivatives of thioxo-2, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidine 3 was obtained from the reaction of compound 1a with acetic anhydride. Compound 1a was treated with acetic anhydride for 5 min and (or) acid chloride to yield the corresponding pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl-acetamide 5a and pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl benzamide 5b derivatives. Treatment of compound 1a with bifunction compounds such as hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylaminehydrochloride, orthophenylene diamine, urea and ammonium thiocyanate to give compounds 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively. Fusion of isolated compounds 6, 8, 10 and 12 in basic medium afforded the condensed pyrazolo, chromeno, pyrimido and thiopyrimidine 7, 9, 11 and 13 respectively. Treatment of compound 1b with ethylcyanoacetate afforded cyanoacetamide derivatives 15. The reactivity of compound 15 towards some electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents was also investigated. The structures of the products and conceivable mechanisms are discussed; the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectral studies.

The chemical reactivity of diketone 1 toward some nucleophilic and electrophilic reagents was investigated. diketone 1 was used as a key precursor for the synthesis of many important heterocyclic compounds. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, MS spectral and elemental analysis.