Summary This paper investigates the improvement of synchronization technique for single‐phase inverter. Specifically, the paper proposes a modified structure of second‐order generalized integrator with frequency‐locked loop (SOGI‐FLL) with FLL gain normalization. The proposed structure enhances the frequency detection, which makes it a powerful technique under distorted grid voltage. The validation of the proposed synchronization method includes simulations and experimental tests using Xilinx field programmable gate array (FPGA) as the target device. Moreover, time domain simulations using the direct power control (DPC) with the proposed structure are performed. The decoupled active and reactive powers are controlled using the artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained by the mean of a metaheuristic algorithm. In this paper, the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is proposed to train the multilayer perceptron (MLP). The proposed approach shows better generation of synchronization signals and smooth power quality, making it suitable for grid‐tied and microgrids (MGs) power systems control.

One of functional parameters which have a big influence on the reliability of machine is the surface quality of mobile and immobile parts. The quality working ability of the surface in contact is depending of their surfaces strength. In this regard, we used vibro-mechanical treatment to increase the hardness of the contact surfaces which is considered as formed surface of plastic deformation. The formed plastic deformation surface is also a kind of micro relief surface, characterized by multitude closed and superimposed on each other traces of contact with the particles working environment cultivated surface. The quality of the surface resulting from the vibro-impact treatment, provide a sufficiently high wear parts. This paper presents experimental results of using the vibro-impact treatment on surface fatigue strength using samples of steels, aluminums and titans alloys. The objective of this study is to improve performance functional surfaces in contact by choosing optimal hardening parameters.

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