Enquête nationale sur la prévalence des troubles mentaux en Égypte : étude préliminaire RÉSUMÉ Cette étude constitue une première étape de l'enquête nationale sur la prévalence des troubles mentaux en Égypte. Nous avons réalisé une enquête auprès des ménages par porte à porte dans cinq régions d'Égypte et avons interrogé 14 640 adultes âgés de 18 à 64 ans. Les troubles mentaux ont été diagnostiqués sur la base de l'interrogatoire MINI-Plus. La prévalence globale a été estimée à 16,93 % de la population adulte étudiée. Les principaux problèmes étaient des troubles de l'humeur (6,43 %), des troubles anxieux (4,75 %) et des troubles multiples (4,72 %). Les troubles mentaux étaient associés à des facteurs sociodémographiques (par exemple le fait d'être une femme, de ne pas avoir de travail et d'être divorcé) et à des maladies physiques (par exemple une cardiopathie, une maladie rénale ou une hypertension).

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The present study aims to describe the effect of heavy metals: copper, manganese, iron and zinc on the water quality of El-Bagouria Canal at Kafr El-Zayat region, El-Gharbiah Governorate. Seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters were studied during the period from summer, 2013 to spring, 2014. Also, to study their effects on the different organs of the commercial fish species; Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus by studying some of biochemical parameters of this fish species (total protein, total lipids, total carbohydrates, ASAT and ALAT) during the study period.Results revealed that, heavy metals in the water showed seasonal variations. Also, data exhibited the highest values of heavy metals in the different organs of O. niloticus were recorded during winter in the liver and kidney and the lowest were observed in the muscles. Biochemical analysis indicated devastating effects, especially enzymes activities, in the metabolic organs. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA, at p<0.05) based on data represent the measured values of heavy metals in the different organs of O. niloticus during the different seasons. One way analysis proved that, there were highly significant differences between the metals and between the different seasons also between different organs. On the other hand, two ways of ANOVA provided highly significant differences between organs and metals at the same seasons. While, non-significant differences were detected at the interactions between seasons and organs at the same metals and between seasons and metals at the same organs. One way analysis for biochemical parameters in the different organs of O. niloticus during the different seasons proved that, there were highly significant differences between the parameters. Meanwhile, there were significant differences between the different seasons and between target organs. Moreover, two ways of ANOVA provided highly significant differences between organs and parameters at the same seasons. While, non-significant differences were found at the interactions between seasons and organs at the same parameters and between seasons and parameters at the same organs.

Impact of bioaccumulation and biosedimentation of some heavy metals on some biochemical responses in the sole fish, Solea solea inhabiting Lake Qarun, Egypt.

The objective of this study was to clarify the role of impulsivity and personality dimensions in attempted suicide among youth. The study included 120 youths who attempted suicide and 100 matched controls. Attempters of suicide had higher total scores and subscales of impulsivity than controls. They had higher novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence scores, lower scores on persistence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness. A total of 77.5% of suicide attempters had psychiatric disorders compared to 2% of controls. Main factors predicting the occurrence of suicidal attempts were the presence of psychiatric disorder, impulsivity, stressful life events, and high reward dependence of suicide attempters. The study supports that impulsivity and personality traits play an important role in youth suicide independently or as a part of other interacting factors.