This paper focused on thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionised water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids at three different temperatures (6C, 25C and 40C). For the preparation of nanofluids, a two-step method, comprised of homogenisation and sonication, was used on a mixture of MWCNT-OH, PVP and the base fluid. The results revealed that thermal conductivity was enhanced by about 8.86% for 0.8 wt% deionised water-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid, and by 5.37% for 0.2 wt% ethylene glycol-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid. Meanwhile, in viscosity test, the highest temperature of 40C exhibited lowest viscosity. This phenomenon happened only with ethylene glycol-based nanofluid, whilst the data on the viscosity of deionised water-based nanofluid was inconsistent at certain nanofluid concentrations . In conclusion, addition of MWCNT-OH into base fluid enhanced base fluid performance , giving it the potential to be used in cooling system applications.

A major problem being faced by existing coolants is the limited amount of heat that can be absorbed by the fluids. An innovative way to overcome this limitation is by utilizing a nano-coolant as a heat transfer medium in a cooling application. This paper was aimed at formulating an efficient nanofluid from Pyrograf III HHT24 carbon nanofibers (CNF) in a base fluid consisting of deionized water (DI) and ethylene glycol (EG) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the dispersant. The experiment was conducted by setting the variable weight percentage of CNF from 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt%, with the base fluid ratio of 90:10 (DI:EG) weight percent. Then, the thermal properties of the formulated nanofluids were investigated. The test on the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids showed that the highest thermal conductivity of 0.642 W/m.K in this experiment was produced when the concentration of nanofluid is 0.5 wt% at a temperature of 40°C. Experimental investigations into the forced convective heat transfer performance of the CNF-based nanofluid in a laminar flow through a mini heat transfer test rig showed that the presence of nanoparticles enhanced the heat transfer coefficient as opposed to the original base fluid. The highest heat transfer coefficient was reported using nanofluid with a concentration of 0.6 wt% at 40°C. The enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was due to the higher thermal conductivity value. The Nusselt number was also calculated and presented in this paper. This study showed that the CNF-based nanofluids have a huge potential to replace existing coolants in electronic cooling applications. Thus, in order to commercialize nanofluids in practice, more fundamental studies are needed to understand the crucial parameters that affect their thermal characteristics.

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This paper analyzed the effect of financing on the corporate results of recipient firms. The influence of the internal and external factors is studied and its impact on its company recipients' business performance. Out of the Green Technology Financial Scheme's critical sectors, the research has chosen the energy sector to study. The selected participants are five companies, and one official of the Green Technology Financial Scheme was interviewed. As a result, there is a notable improvement in the financial and non-financial performance of the companies. It identifies the internal factors, focusing on top management commitment, the competitiveness of products and services, and employee involvement in green technology implementation. Moreover, the Green Technology Financial Scheme also caters to human technical expertise in green technology implementation, environmental and social sustainability through green technology implementation and employee development in green technology. The external factors are government regulations and standards, external set objectives and processes by environmental certification agencies, global economy monitoring of green technology, adaption of new technologies and techniques. The Green Technology Financial Scheme has a substantial impact on improving financial performance because it has helped with capital expenditures and shows the companies' improvement in assets, revenues, and profits. The research will show how going green can also be profitable and help their businesses improve their business performance.

The manufacturing industry is one of the most influential sectors contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. As the manufacturing industry strives to achieve its profit goal, most of them face various circumstances to control the rising carbon emissions from the energy, raw material consumption, and waste generations due to production activities. Therefore, it is difficult to quantify the amount of carbon emission reduction if the adjustment is not established according to the manufacturing output. This research concentrates on evaluating energy consumption and waste generation using a statistical approach by a coconut milk processing plant. This research aims to estimate the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2). The baseline models of energy consumptions and waste generations were constructed using single and multiple linear regression methods. Besides, it investigates the performance of ultimate models of electrical consumption, water consumption, fuel consumption, solid waste generation, and wastewater generations using statistical analysis that involves coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, analysis of variance (ANOVA), etc. It indicates that with the implementation of the cleaner production (CP) strategy, the plant had reduced 10,474.94 tons of CO2 and 2,579.67 tons of CO2 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. This study is an aid to the management and engineers of the industry to investigate their accomplishment in reducing environmental impacts caused by production activities from any implementation made such as CP and green industry practices.