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Advanced Technologies such as Internet of Things, Machine Networking give rise to the deployment of autonomous Wireless Sensor Nodes. They are used for various domains namely battlefield monitoring, enemy detection and monitoring the environment change. These Wireless Sensor Nodes have the properties of low cost and high battery life. NL (Network Lifetime) is an important phase of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs), in which the nodes can maintain sensing for a more amount of time. NL can be improved by use of multiple techniques namely Opportunistic Transmission, Scheduling of Timed Data Packets, Clustering of Nodes, Energy Harvesting and Connectivity. This paper provides the energy consumption computation, life time ratio definition and the overview of NL improvement techniques. The paper also presents brief review of the Destination based and Source based routing algorithm

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