Background: Climate change based on temperature, humidity and wind can improve many characteristics of the arthropod carrier life cycle, including survival, arthropod population, pathogen communication, and the spread of infectious agents from vectors. This study aimed to find association between content of disease followed climate change we demonstrate in humans. Methods: All the articles from 2016 to 2021 associated with global climate change and the effect of vector-borne disease were selected form databases including PubMed and the Global Biodiversity information facility database. All the articles selected for this short review were English. Results: Due to the high burden of infectious diseases and the growing evidence of the possible effects of climate change on the incidence of these diseases, these climate changes can potentially be involved with the COVID-19 epidemic. We highlighted the evidence of vector-borne diseases and the possible effects of climate change on these communicable diseases. Conclusion: Climate change, specifically in rising temperature system is one of the world’s greatest concerns already affected pathogen-vector and host relation. Lice parasitic, fleas, mites, ticks, and mosquitos are the prime public health importance in the transmission of virus to human hosts.

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Background: Viral gastroenteritis infection, a prevalent condition in adolescents and children, is still a rigid and serious problem among humans. This disease is responsible for up to three million fatalities nationwide. noroviruses, rotaviruses, astroviruses, adenoviruses, and sapoviruses are the most common and well-known pathogens associated with viral gastroenteritis agents. In this systematic review, we extracted all original articles and data on viral gastroenteritis that were performed on the Iranian pediatric population. Methods: To investigate the viral agent pathogens of gastroenteritis in Iran, 48 articles on the identification of viral gastroenteritis were gathered from the existing data. Viral gastroenteritis was detected in fourteen provinces, including the southern and northern parts of Iran. The seasonal distribution in Iran was analyzed as well. Finally, all the data from 1978-2021, along with their detailed information, were summarized, including the number of patients, the number of positive cases, applied technics, and the region of the studied cases in Iran. Results: Based on the results, most of the viral detection was associated with Rotavirus, the major pathogen responsible for gastroenteritis disease, followed by Adenovirus, Norovirus, Parechovirus, Bocavirus, Astrovirus, Aichivirus, Sapovirus, and three case reports of SARS-CoV-2 that were associated with viral gastroenteritis. Conclusion: Different studies conducted over Iran, including the northern, southern, and central regions, were obtained based on the data. Most studies had been merely dedicated to rotavirus, which had the highest prevalence of all other viral gastroenteritis. Our review clearly demonstrated that Rotavirus genotype G1P [8] is the dominating sereotype among the other studied gastroenteritis viral agents in Iran in which the most frequency rate was during the winter (44.26%), while the least frequency rate was observed during summer (8.96%).

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, it has been shown that the association between intestinal bacterial imbalance (dysbiosis) and various diseases such as type 2 diabetes can play a role in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In this study, the beneficial effects of intestinal microbiota glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in cognitive disorders were investigated. METHODS: PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to identify experimental studies based on the bacterial strains along with GLP-1 1 expression in preventing or reducing cognitive impairment. Of the 233 studies, six were eligible for inclusion, and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in individual studies. RESULTS: The results showed that intestinal expression of GLP-1 1 could reduce the intestinal pathogenic genus such as Enterobacteriaceae and was obviously associated with a greater number of beneficial genera such as Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. Also, the neuroprotective effects of Clostridium butyricum with GLP-1 1 in a mice were approved. Therefore, the modulation of the intestinal microbiota, mediated by an increase in the intestinal GLP-1 1 level, consequently improved cognitive function. CONCLUSION: In this review, we have indicated that the gut microbiota, by stimulating the expression of the intestinal hormones like GLP-1 1, and also with a beneficial effect in inhibiting some involved genes in inflammation, can declined the development of cognitive disorders.

We develop an approximate multiparametric convex programming approach with its application to control constrained linear parameter-varying systems.Recently, the application of the real-time model predictive control (MPC) for various engineering systems has been significantly increased by using the multiparametric convex programming tool, known as explicit MPC approach. The main idea of explicit MPC is to move the major parts of the computations to offline phase and to provide an explicit piecewise affine solution of the constrained MPC problem, which is defined over a set of convex polyhedral partitions. In the proposed method, the idea of convex programming and partitioning is applied for linear parameter-varying control systems. The feasible space of the time-varying parameters is divided into simplices in which approximate solutions are calculated such that the approximation error is kept limited by solving sequences of linear programs. The approximate optimal solution within each simplex is obtained by linear interpolation of the optimal solutions in the simplex vertices, and then multiparametric programming tool is utilized to compute an explicit state feedback solution of linear quadratic optimal control problem for simplex vertices subject to state and input constraints. The proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example and the simulation results show the advantages of this approach. KEYWORDS explicit model predictive control, linear parameter-varying systems, multiparametric programming 1670