Background and objective: Diabetes is one of the chronic disease that has the most negative effects on the quality of life. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study a pre-test, posttest and a three month follow-up test was used. Among patients from the Diabetes Association in Alborz Province in Iran, 40 diabetic patients were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. The instruments for gathering data were demographic characteristics and a shortened form of quality of life questionnaire (DQOL). Besides using their diabetes drugs, during 8 weeks, and each week 2 hours, the experimental group participated in ACT sessions; but the control group only received diabetes drugs. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis, Tukey post hoc test and to compare post-test and medium follow up of two groups the dependent t-test was used through SPSS 20. Results: ACT in post-test and follow up increased as a psychological intervention of quality of life was used among patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: ACT can be used as an effective psychological intervention on the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Paper Type: Research Article.

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Introduction:Due to the impacts of spirituality and its dimensions on psychological structures in the workplace and their ability to influence organizational performances have received a great attention in recent years. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between dimensions of spirituality with mental health and hope for future.Materials and Methods:This is a correlational study with a statistical population, including public Hospital's personnel of Shiraz done in autumn 1389. To collect the research data, three different types of questionnaires were used: (1) Hope for the future (4 items), (2) mental health (12 items), and (3) components of religiosity/spirituality at (31 items and based on 5 components). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation and Hierarchical regression analysis.Findings:Research findings show that there are significant correlations between existential well-being and hope for the future, motivation, devotion and coping and hope for the future, and mental health and hope for the future. Furthermore, all components of religiosity/spirituality have had significant correlations with mental health. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that in the first step motivation, devotion and coping with a variance of 5%, in the second step motivation, devotion and coping with mental health with a variance of 6.4%, in the third step motivation, devotion and coping with mental health and existential well-being with a variance of 9.1% and in the fourth step, the combining of motivation, devotion and coping and existential well-being with a variance of 8.9% with hope for the future have meaningful multiple relationships.Conclusion:Findings indicated that motivation, devotion and coping with existential well-being, respectively, were the most important dimensions of religiosity-spirituality that together with mental health affect hope for future. It is necessary that the dimension of motivation, devotion and coping, existential well-being and personnel mental health should be strengthened to increase the staff's hope for future.

Background: E-learning is one of the new educational methods, integrating information and communication technology. It has managed to revolutionize teaching and learning methods by focusing on learners. In addition, many universities around the world are now educating students through designing and providing training programs and E-learning courses. The main objective of the current study was to present a conceptual framework of E-learning in higher education.

Behavioral and emotional problems are the most common form of child psychiatric pathology. Parenting styles are one of the factors affecting the formation of children's personality and the use of inefficient styles can lead to several negative consequences such as behavioral problems. The aim of the present article is to describe a variety of parenting styles and their relationship with children behavioral problems. The present study reviews a variety of parenting styles including Kazdin's Parent Management Education Model, Barclay's Parent Training Program, Adler and Dreikurs Approach, and Positive Parenting Program. Finally, based on reality theory, parenting is neglected to be one of those styles. Therefore, it is imperative to do a research based on reality theory with existential psychotherapy and with the view that everyone chooses to behave, external pressure is always an imposition, the children learn from their mistakes, and everyone is responsible for his own happiness.