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Pure nickel and Ni-TiO 2 composite coatings were deposited on the copper substrate using Watts bath containing different contents of TiO 2 nanoparticles by the electrochemical deposition method, and the morphological alterations and hydrophobicity of coatings were studied. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images proved that composite coatings exhibited a rougher structure than pure nickel coating. The results of the roughness measurement performed by AFM confirmed this fact. The water contact angles (WCA) of pure nickel and the composite coatings were obtained as 62.7°and 91.6-121.7°, respectively. After surface chemical modification using the different concentrations of TMPSi, WCA of pure Ni and optimized composite coatings (Ni-27.5 g.L −1 ) were increased to 102.1°and 140.3°, respectively.

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