The association between COVID-19 severity and antibody response has not been clearly determined. We aimed to assess the effects of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 S protein at the time of hospital admission on in-hospital and longitudinal survival. Methods: A prospective observational study in naive hospitalised COVID-19 patients. The presence of anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG was evaluated using a lateral flow assay at the time of admission. The patients were followed up for 8–30 months to assess survival. We recruited 554 patients (330 men and 224 women). Overall, 63.0% of the patients had positive IgG or IgM anti-S SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the time of hospital admission. In the univariate analysis, the patients with negative anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were referred to the hospital sooner, had lower CRP and D-dimer concentrations, and were hospitalised longer. They were also more likely to be admitted to an intensive care unit and more often received baricitinib treatment. During their hospital stay, 8.5% of the antibody-positive and 22.3% of the antibody-negative patients died (p = 0.0001). The median duration of the follow-up was 21 months. During the follow-up after hospital discharge, 3.6% of antibody-positive and 9.1% of antibody-negative patients died (p = 0.027). In the multivariate analysis, the negative anti-S SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were associated with a higher risk of in-hospital death (OR 3.800; 95% CI 1.844–7.829; p = 0.0001) and with a higher risk of death during follow-up (OR 2.863; 95% CI 1.110–7.386; p = 0.030). These associations were independent of age, the time from symptom onset to hospital admission, CRP, D-Dimer, the number of comorbidities, disease severity at the time of hospital admission, and baricitinib therapy. Our study concludes that negative anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG at the time of admission are associated with higher in-hospital mortality and cause a higher risk of all-cause death during follow-up after discharge.
This study aimed to identify the Effect of a learning program for some swimming skills on reducing the pain level among lower back pain patients. The study was conducted on a group of ten (male) lower back pain patients whom their age range from 28-64 years old, at the department of physiotherapy at the university of Jordan hospital. Pre- and post-tests were taken including the measurement of anterior spinal kinetic range, back muscle strength, static balance and pain degree. The program lasted for eight weeks, with three learning and training units per week. The result showed that there were statistical significant differences in pain degree, and that no Statistical significant differences in the other variables. The researchers concluded that the learning program was effective in reducing lower back pain, and improving the other variables. The researchers recommends the use of the inhaler and directed learning swimming program to strengthen the back muscles, abdomen and legs to prevent lower back pain. هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف إلى أثر برنامج تعليمي لبعض مهارات السباحة على تخفيف حدة الألم عند المصابين بآلام أسفل الظهر، أجريت هذه الدراسة على مجموعة من المرضى المصابين بآلام أسفل الظهر والذين تم تحويلهم إلى وحدة العلاج الطبيعي في مستشفى الجامعة الأردنية من قبل الطبيب المختص وقد تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية، وكان عددهم (10) أفراد من الذكور، تراوحت أعمارهم بين (28-64) سنه وقد تم الحصول على الموافقة الخطية من أفراد العينة على المشاركة في إجراءات الدراسة، واستخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي بتصميم القياس القبلي والبعدي لمجموعة واحدة، حيث تم تقييم المرضى قبل تطبيق البرنامج وبعده واشتمل التقييم على قياس درجة الألم و مرونة العمود الفقري للأمام وقوة عضلات الظهر والتوازن الثابت، وقد تم تطبيق البرنامج التعليمي المقترح لمدة ثمانية أسابيع بواقع ثلاث وحدات تعليمية تدريبية في الأسبوع، وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في درجة الألم ولصالح القياس البعدي ولم تظهر فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في المتغيرات الأخرى. واستنتج الباحثان أن البرنامج التعليمي المقترح قد عمل على التخفيف من حدة آلام أسفل الظهر بالإضافة إلى أنه قد عمل على تحسين مرونة العمود الفقري للأمام وقوة عضلات الظهر والتوازن الثابت نسبياً، وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة أوصى الباحثان باستخدام برامج السباحة التعليمية المقننة والموجهة لتقوية عضلات الظهر والبطن والرجلين للوقاية من آلام أسفل الظهر.
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