There are various methods for the synthesis of carbon nanoparticles. Each laboratory uses one of them depending on its abilities and available tools. Adding nanoparticles, especially Nano carbons, to some materials changes their behaviours. For example, adding carbon to iron matrix leads to an increase in its compressive strength and adding carbon to plastics results in a remarkable increase in their thermal resistance. Therefore, synthesis of such compounds from the wastes is a good achievement. The purpose of this study is the synthesis of carbon nanoparticles from the wastes (disposable containers made of polystyrene) using the designed reactor and heat system. In the used reactor, as high pressures and temperatures above 700 ºC are used along with appropriate catalysts for different periods, all of the materials lose their macro structures and fragment into Nano-size particles. Each of the mentioned conditions is optimized with each other and type of initial materials. The effects of different parameters such as time, catalyst quantities, and the ration of polystyrene to catalyst available on the obtained particle sizes have been investigated. Time and catalyst ratio are the fundamental parameters in this method. The carbon nanoparticles that we have extracted from disposable containers also helps the environment and reduces the recycling costs of polystyrene wastes.

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Abstract:The synthesis of α-Fe 2 O 3 /SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst was the first step of this study. The α-Fe 2 O 3 nanocatalyst was synthesized applying forced hydrolysis and reflux condensation followed by solid-state dispersion that was used for supporting α-Fe 2 O 3 on SAPO-34. The next step was a characterization of the catalyst that was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then, for optimizing the operational parameters in Doxorubicin's degradation process the effect of Doxorubicin concentration, the amount of α-Fe 2 O 3 /SAPO-34 nano photocatalyst, the pH, and H 2 O 2 concentration was studied via the Taguchi method. The AL 9 orthogonal array was adjusted and nine crucial runs were conducted. For calculating Signal/Noise ratio, each run was repeated three times. As the results showed, the concentration of Doxorubicin is the most effective parameter. Optimized conditions for removing the anti-cancer drug (based on Signal/Noise ratio) were Doxorubicin concentration (20 ppm), H 2 O 2 concentration (3 mol/L), catalyst amount (50 mg/L) and pH = 8.

ABSTRACT. In this investigation, α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano-structure were synthesized and characterized by XRD, SEM and FT-IR techniques. Morphologically, the shape of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nanoparticles is close to spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 93 nm determined by Debye-Scherrer equation. The photocatalytic activity of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 nano-structure was investigated through the degradation of doxorubicin, an anti-cancer drug using a batch reactor under UV-C irradiation and H2O2 as oxidant. The effect of various factors including drug concentration, catalyst dosage, pH and H2O2 concentration on the degradation yield were investigated. The results showed that optimum conditions were: Initial concentration of DOX = 20 ppm, pH = 8, amount of α-Fe2O3/SAPO-34 = 150 mg/L, and H2O2 concentration 4 mol/L.