This paper provides descriptions of two new and one known species of the genus Anaplectus De Coninck & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933. Anaplectus sudhausi sp. nov. is characterised by leaf-shaped lips interspersed with interlabial liplets; bifid apices of the lateral lips; cheilostom with non-cuticularised walls; gymnostom with cuticularised arcuate walls; 120–132 sublateral hypodermal glands on each body side with an additional 5–8 smaller subdorsal hypodermal glands; female tail with three caudal setae; males with arcuate spicules having manubrium slightly wider than calomus or blade, last median tubulus or supplement about half the spicule length and tail terminus with a weakly cuticularised spinneret. A. labiosulcus sp. nov. is characterised by 115–123 sublateral hypodermal glands on each side of the body with those on the dorsal side usually larger than the ventrals; the 5–6 anteriormost glands are unpaired and arranged linearly; lips with cuticularised interlabial grooves; gymnostom arched, occasionally double-arched and caudal glands grouped and opening through a cuticularised spinneret. A. granulosus (Bastian, 1865) De Coninck & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933 has been redescribed with some minor differences from previous descriptions.
Based on morphometric, morphological and molecular characterization using partial small subunit 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the D2/D3 domain of large subunit 28S rDNA, we described a new species Mononchoides kanzakii collected from manure, and the known species Mononchoides composticola Steel, Moens, Scholaert, Boshoff, Houthoofd and Bert, 2011, isolated from the dung beetle Oniticellus cinctus (Fabricius, 1775). Phylogenetic trees based on the evolutionary model (GTR + I + G) were inferred by Bayesian inference algorithms. Mononchoides kanzakii sp. n. is characterized by 28–32 longitudinal ridges, discontinuous at level of stoma; amphidial apertures inconspicuous; metastegostom armed with thorn-shaped dorsal tooth; a flattened, claw-like right subventral tooth, and left subventral denticulate ridge with 12–14 fine denticles delimited by a group of five denticles in females vs. triangular, flattened right subventral tooth, 5–8 prominent denticles at left subventral sector in males; cloacal lips with a distinct rim; and gubernaculum with cuticularized, proximal and distal extensions of equal length, each constituting half of the length of the wider part of gubernaculum.
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