Recently, researchers have focused on how to minimize the negative effects of industrial activities on environment. Consequently, they work on mathematical models, which minimize the environmental issues as well as optimizing the costs. In the field of supply chain network design, most managers consider economic and environmental issues, simultaneously. This paper introduces a bi-objective supply chain network design, which uses fuzzy programming to obtain the capability of resisting uncertain conditions. The design considers production, recovery, and distribution centers. The advantage of using this model includes the optimal facilities, locating them and assigning the optimal facilities to them. It also chooses the type and the number of technologies, which must be bought. The fuzzy programming converts the multi objective model to an auxiliary crisp model by Jimenez approach and solves it with -constraint. For solving large size problems, the Multi Objective Differential Evolutionary algorithm (MODE) is applied.

Nowadays, the advance and enhance in competitive area, convert the supply chain management into one of the most important issues for industries, organization, and firms. Increasing the quality of products, decreasing the costs, and representing the satisfying service are the primary objectives of organization and managers. Apart from that, the amount of CNGs (such as CO 2 ) has been raised by industrial activities. Therefore, the concern of air pollution motivates managers and researchers to consider this issue in the process. This paper represents a multi objective supply chain network fuzzy programming, which is multi product, multi period, multi-layer, and has reverse product network. Operational risks are considered as deficiency in suppliers' units and production center. The model's duty is to choose the optimal suppliers based on different factors such as selling price, the average of deficiency and transportation costs. In order to solve the model, the Jimenez and TH approach are used and for large-scale problems, the paper uses the NSGA-II algorithm.

The environmental changes caused by industrial activities have spurred a significant interest in designing supply chain networks by considering environmental issues such as CO2 emission. The pivotal role of taking uncertainty and risk into account in closed-loop supply chain networks has induced numerous researchers and practitioners to develop appropriate decision making tools to cope with these issues in such networks. To design a supply chain regarding environmental impacts under uncertainty of the input data and to cope with the operational risks, this paper proposes a multi objective possibilistic optimization model. The proposed model minimizes traditional costs such as cost of products shipment, purchasing machines and so on, as well as minimizing the environmental impact, and as a results strikes a balance between the two objective functions. Furthermore, in order to solve the proposed multi objective fuzzy mathematical programming model, an interactive fuzzy solution approach is applied. Numerical experiments are used to prove the applicability and feasibility of the developed possibilistic programming model and the usefulness of the applied hybrid solution approach.

In this study, an integrated approach is presented for analyzing the impact of resilience engineering and ergonomics factors in aerospace supply chain using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The proposed approach selects the preferred supplier by considering traditional supply chain factors as well as resilience engineering and ergonomics factors. Also, the relevant performance efficiency of each decision making unit is calculated. The case study of this paper is the supply chain of real commercial airlines. Thus, the aerospace standards as well as resilience and ergonomics factors are considered to be modeled by the mathematical programming approach. 22 suppliers are evaluated by analyzing inputs and outputs through data envelopment analysis, and each supplier is considered as a decision making unit (DMU). In this study, the most effective factors are identified as "reliability", "Human resource management", "supplier's delay" and "availability". Also, "lead time" shows the highest potential for improvement. This study helps decision makers identify the weaknesses of their supply chain management to establish a performance improvement plan in aerospace industry.Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 7