Basil is a very important medicinal plant and culinary spice, and is marketed fresh, dried or frozen. In crop nutrition, nitrogen is essential for plant growth and as a macro-element, is part of the proteins' structure and participates in the metabolic processes involved in the synthesis and energy transfer. It has been shown that a balance between ammonium and nitrate favors plant growth and that the degree of benefit varies among crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth of two varieties of basil in function of four nutrient solutions containing different NH 4 + /NO 3 -ratios. Results showed that different variety response differently to nutrient solution. Although the highest yield in both varieties (sweet and purple) was obtained when fed by nutrient solution without ammonium but their response on quality indices were different due to nitrate ammonium ratio in nutrient solutions. The highest total phenol content of sweet and purple basil was 92 and 100 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight respectively, while the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in purple variety grown in nutrient solution 2 (NH 4 + :1/NO 3 :4) and the lowest value were related to sweet variety with the same nutrient solution. Moderate content of total nitrogen can be suitable for sweet variety while for purple variety nutrient solution with low amount of ammonium can be more suitable. Bazilika je zelo pomembna zdravilna rastlina in začimba, ki se prodaja sveža, suha ali zmrznjena. V prehrani rastlin je dušik esencialni makroelement, potreben za rast, sintezo beljakovin, druge presnovne procese in pretvorbo energije. Znano je, da ravnovesje med amonijsko in nitratno obliko dušika izboljšuje rast in, da se njuno ugodno razmerje spreminja glede na posamezne rastline. V raziskavi smo ovrednotili rast dveh biotipov širokolistne bazilike (zeleno-in vijoličnolistno) v štirih hranilnih raztopinah, ki so vsebovale različna razmerja NH 4 + /NO 3 -. Rezultati so pokazali različen odziv obeh biotipov na razmerja hranil v raztopinah. Čeprav je bil pridelek obeh (zelene in vijolične) največji v hranilni raztopini z amonijsko obliko dušika, so kvalitetni kazalci variirali glede na razmerja nitrata in amonija. Največja vsebnost celokupnih fenolov v zeleni in vijolični baziliki je bila 92 in 100 mg ekvivalenta galne kisline na gram suhe mase, vendar je bila največja antioksidativna sposobnost dosežena pri vijolični baziliki, ki je rastla v hranilni raztopini 2 (NH 4 + :1/NO 3 :4) in najmanjša vrednost pri zeleni baziliki, ki je uspevala v isti hranilni raztopini. Zmerna vsebnost celokupnega dušika je primerna za gojenje zelene širokolistne bazilike, medtem ko je za gojenje vijolične primernejša hranilna raztopina z manjšo vsebnostjo amonija.

No abstract

Antioxidants help improve the body s antioxidant defense mechanism to regulate, prevent, or treat diseases. The oils included in the seeds of such plants have been applied for bodily strengthening since ancient times. In addition, they have historically been used as a diuretic 6,7) . The profile of bioactive chemicals in oils is influenced by the Rosaceae family s species and variety (genotype) . Linoleic acid (C18:2) was found to be more abundant in pear seed oil fatty acids than in most commonly used culinary oils 8) . Other fatty acids found in pear seeds include palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and alpha-linolenic acids 8) . P. amygdaliformis have spread in the north and northwest of Kurdistan regional government, Iraq, and consumed nuts. Considering the significant economic value of wild pears, it is critical to understand their nutritional composition. The primary goal of this research was to assess metabolites content linked with health benefits and sensory qualities of leaves and fruits of P. amygdaliformis. This study will provide supportive information to develop pear-based functional foods with better health benefits.