Context: Sulfur Mustard has been an important subject of research for Iranian scientists since 1983, when the Iraq army used this chemical weapon against Iranians, causing injury for more than 30000 people, still suffering from its late effects.Evidence Acquisition: This review was based on previous studies, found from online databases. Results: Sulfur mustard is synthesized by different methods, and its exposure could cause severe, irreversible damage to the skin, respiratory tract, and eyes. In the eyes, it has a wide spectrum of complications. These complications begin with an asymptomatic period, following irritation and redness, and ends with damage to the corneal structure with photophobia, temporary blindness, and blepharospasm.Conclusions: Based on this, this review discusses some of the attempts made to define aspects of sulfur mustard and its mechanisms.