Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family. It had caused several epidemics since its discovery in 1947, but there was no significant attention to this virus until the recent outbreak in Brazil in 2015. The main concern is the causal relationship between prenatal ZIKV infection and congenital microcephaly, which has been confirmed recently. Moreover, ZIKV may cause other central nervous system abnormalities such as brain parenchymal atrophy with secondary ventriculomegaly, intracranial calcification, malformations of cortical development (such as polymicrogyria, and lissencephaly-pachygyria), agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia, sensorineural hearing-loss, and ocular abnormalities as well as arthrogryposis in the infected fetuses. Postnatal (acquired) ZIKV infection usually has an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic course, while prenatal (congenital) ZIKV infection has a more severe course and may cause severe brain anomalies that are described as congenital Zika syndrome. In this pictorial essay, we aim to illustrate the prenatal and postnatal neuroimaging findings that may be seen in fetuses and neonates with congenital Zika syndrome, and will discuss possible radiological differential diagnoses. A detailed knowledge of these findings is paramount for an early correct diagnosis, prognosis determination, and counseling of the affected children and families.

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Since the description of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia in 1983 by Davison et al and the subsequent report on bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia by Epler et al, some reports have been published regarding the imaging features of organizing pneumonia (OP). In this pictorial review, we aimed to describe and illustrate different manifestations of OP on highresolution CT (HRCT) accompanied by their histopathological correlations for a better comprehension of pathomechanism of the radiological findings. The main HRCT findings in OP include: consolidation, ground-glass opacification, perilobular opacity, reversed halo opacity, nodule or mass, parenchymal bands, bronchial wall thickening, bronchial dilatation, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion. In addition, we discuss the radiological differential diagnosis for each manifestation, as well as imaging evolution during patient follow-up, and two OP-related entities: the possibility of non-specific interstitial pneumonia development following OP and a relatively new rare entity related to OP called acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. For radiologists and physicians, a detailed knowledge of the potential radiological manifestations in OP is crucial for making a correct diagnosis and managing the patient properly. Moreover, some unnecessary lung biopsies will be avoided.

Both modalities are extremely helpful for the diagnosis of penile fracture. Considering the cost-efficiency and accessibility of ultrasonography, US is recommended as the first-line tool for both diagnosis and preoperative mapping. MRI may be used as a complementary study in the patients for whom US fails to visualize or precisely define the tunica defect.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family, first discovered in 1947. There has been no report of severe complications caused by this virus in humans until recently. However, it is confirmed now that prenatally acquired ZIKV infection may cause severe congenital brain abnormalities in the infected fetuses. In addition, there has been an increasing number of reports during recent years about the causal relationship between postnatally acquired ZIKV infection and severe neurologic complications (mostly immune-mediated ones). Hence, ZIKV should not be considered as benign as it was initially thought, but it might be seen as a serious global threat to human health that may severely affect not only fetuses. In this pictorial essay, we aim to describe and illustrate the currently recognized spectrum of neuroimaging findings in postnatally acquired ZIKV infection. Although neurologic complications do not frequently occur in postnatal ZIKV infection, it is important to be aware of them because they may cause high morbidity and mortality in the affected patients. In addition to clinical and laboratory findings, neuroimaging may help in the diagnostic work-up to make the correct diagnosis, determine the extent of the disease, and follow the clinical course.