In recent years, scientists’ interest in agricultural waste has increased, and the waste has become attractive to explore and benefit from, rather than being neglected waste. Banana peels have attracted the attention of researchers due to their bioactive chemical components, so we focused on this review article on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of banana peels that can be used as good sources of natural antioxidants and for pharmaceutical purposes in treating various diseases. Banana is an edible fruit belonging to the genus Musa (Musaceae), cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. Banana peels are used as supplementary feed for livestock in their cultivation areas. Its massive by-products are an excellent source of high-value raw materials for other industries by recycling agricultural waste. Hence, the goal is to use banana by-products in various food and nonfood applications and sources of natural bioactive compounds. It can be concluded that banana peel can be successfully used in food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. Therefore, banana residues may provide new avenues and research areas for the future.

The aim of this work is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Origanum compactum, from the region of Meknes (Morocco), and their antimicrobial effect, and on the other hand, to carry out a comparison between the chemical composition of this essential oil with the six regions of Morocco: Larache, Chefchaouen, Al Hoceïma, Tetouan, Taounate and Rabat. The essential oils of Origanum compactum thus obtained were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). To determine the similarities and dissimilarities between the chemical compositions of the essential oil of Origanum compactum from the Meknes region with the other six regions of Morocco, we performed the principal component analysis (ACP). Regarding antimicrobial activity, the essential oils of Origanum compactum have shown significant inhibitory activity against the bacteria and molds studied.

No abstract

The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer’s leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n-Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi.

<p>The main objective of this research is studying phytochemical screening of the extracts of polluted <em>Nerium oleander</em> (L.), and unpolluted<em> Nerium oleander</em> (L.) collected from Meknes region (Morocco), and determination of metals concentration that can have harmful effects on human health. In addition, the study provides scientific data.</p><p>Studies have shown that the two extracts of polluted <em>Nerium oleander</em> (L.) and unpolluted <em>Nerium oleander</em> (L.) plant are rich in flavonoids, catechic and gallic tannins. In contrast, anthracene derivatives and flavonoids are absent. On the other hand, the comparative analysis of the results of atomic absorption spectrometry showed that the two plants of polluted <em>Nerium oleander</em> (L.) and unpolluted <em>Nerium oleander</em> (L.) contain a fairly high content of Na, Ca and Mg while the Pb concentration has exceeded the standard given by the WHO. While lithium and iron are present in low concentrations.</p>