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Recently, security and privacy issues in mobile communication systems became an enormous challenge due to the limited resources of mobile networks regarding communication overhead, computational cost, and battery power. 5G systems provide high performance and flexibility that can connect billion of objects through Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (HWN) concerning the Internet of Things (IoT). However, some of these security challenges can be addressed by using outsourced assistants such as Server-Aided Verification (SAV) to contribute partially with the authentication process among 5G network entities. In this paper, we propose an efficient and secure identity-based signature scheme with Server-Aided Verification for 5G mobile systems (IBS-SAV). We provide a performance evaluation based on security proof of the proposed IBS-SAV scheme under existential unforgeable in the random oracle model as well as the security against collusion and adaptive chosen message attack (EUF-CMA). The performance evaluation and security analysis demonstrate that our IBS-SAV scheme is not only secure but also can reduce the communication and computation complexity for mobile systems efficiently. INDEX TERMS Public key cryptography (PKC), identity-based signature (IBS), server-aided verification (SAV), 5G mobile systems.

Abstract:Mobile communication security techniques are employed to guard the communication between the network entities. Mobile communication cellular systems have become one of the most important communication systems in recent times and are used by millions of people around the world. Since the 1990s, considerable efforts have been taken to improve both the communication and security features of the mobile communications systems. However, these improvements divide the mobile communications field into different generations according to the communication and security techniques such as A3, A5 and A8 algorithms for 2G-GSM cellular system, 3G-authentication and key agreement (AKA), evolved packet system-authentication and key agreement (EPS-AKA), and long term evolution-authentication and key agreement (LTE-AKA) algorithms for 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) systems. Furthermore, these generations have many vulnerabilities, and huge security work is involved to solve such problems. Some of them are in the field of the public key cryptography (PKC) which requires a high computational cost and more network flexibility to be achieved. As such, the public key infrastructure (PKI) is more compatible with the modern generations due to the superior communications features. This paper surveys the latest proposed works on the security of GSM, CDMA, and LTE cellular systems using PKI. Firstly, we present the security issues for each generation of mobile communication systems, then we study and analyze the latest proposed schemes and give some comparisons. Finally, we introduce some new directions for the future scope. This paper classifies the mobile communication security schemes according to the techniques used for each cellular system and covers some of the PKI-based security techniques such as authentication, key agreement, and privacy preserving.