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The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse on self-selected running speeds, heart rate and psychological response during a 30-min treadmill run. Twelve endurance-collegiate male athletes (N=12) age 22.33 ± 0.63, mean height 169 ± 5.89 m, and mean body weight 62.57 ± 7.69 kg performed two trials that have one-week interval of crossover study. Each trial involved a 10-min warm-up at 60% HRmax followed by a 30-min run. The run was performed on an automated treadmill that allowed the spontaneous selection of speeds without manual input. Participants were asked to mouth rinsing with either a 6% CHO or taste-matched placebo (PLA) solution. Parameters measured include self-selected speed during treadmill running, heart rate and psychological responses (feeling arousal scale, feeling scale, gastrointestinal scale). Significant interaction between groups across experimental sessions were noted on three parameters (p<.05). The CHO mouth rinse group showed improvements of heart rate, feeling scale and feeling arousal scale compare to control group during treadmill running. These findings demonstrated that 6% CHO mouth rinse is effective in improving performance of moderate intensity running physiologically and psychologically.

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Introduction:The alarming increase in Covid-19 cases has forced the government to implement movement control orders across the country. Due to these circumstances, the people's daily activities have been substantially affected, including those children. The pandemic has affected the children's activities, and they are unable to engage in outdoor and indoor activities. Moreover, the children's learning activities are also affected and need to be carried out through virtual education (PDPR). This virtual-based kind of learning will be more effective with guidance and support from the parents. However, this situation could lead to the feeling of stress and burdening the parents. Therefore, a systematic plan needs to be implemented to increase the children's physical activities and reduce the burden on parents during PDPR. Objective: The development of the HoPA'S Program (Home-Based Physical Activity) to increase physical activities among school children during the PDPR. In addition, the development of this program is a planned and systematic activity that will help children freely express ideas, especially in Physical Education or during Co-curriculum activities. Methodology: In this study, the validity of the content of the SPARK program is based on the construction model of Sidek and Jamaludin (2005). The HoPA'S Program content creation process begins with the objective and concludes with a draft union. In the initial stages of the content development of the program, researchers determine the purpose, objective of this program, and the appropriate types of activities that are applied to enhance the students' physical activities. Therefore, the development of the HoPA'S Program is through 2 phases, namely program construction and validity of the content. Research findings: Thus, the results of the expert assessment on HoPA'S Program contents have a high content legality value of .86. Therefore, this value can be explained that the HoPA'S Program is highly relevant to the learning and teaching process for Physical Education subjects and co-curricular activities. In conclusion, the program is expected to provide opportunities for children to undergo natural learning through cognitive, social theories that contribute to the learning and teaching