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A successful construction project requires synonymous efforts from all involved parties in the entire complicated stages, from designing, approving, supervising, and constructing the building. Nevertheless, in recent years, it is becoming more common to see poor quality in construction projects. Findings from the previous research have identified several variables that contribute to this poor workmanship in building constructions. This predicament originates from various crucial parts of the project including the management, subcontractors, labour, equipment, weather, and time. This study aims to identify specific factors affecting the workmanship quality in building construction in Perak, as well as to rank the factors from the most significant to the least significant that lead to poor workmanship. To fulfill the goals of this study, 157 online surveys were distributed to site supervisors from different construction sites in Perak. The data was analyzed and all factors were ranked based on the average index and frequency analysis. Results indicated that the lack of experience and competency of labour is the most significant factor overall, followed by poor project management and time limitation. Thus, it is recommended for construction management to put all these factors into consideration for better workmanship in building construction in the future.

Every industry in a country is attempting to adopt all of the sophisticated technology that is available in conjunction with the advancement of technology. Abruptly, the establishment of the Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP) has resulted in initiatives in the implementation of innovative approaches towards a sustainable construction environment via the Industrialised Building System (IBS). However, since the first IBS project in 1964 until today, IBS in Malaysia has been poorly accepted by construction parties due to a failure to adequately manage risks in IBS projects. Therefore, this study aims to focus the contractor's perspectives on the constraints of IBS implementation in order to assist contractors in their decision-making towards achieving effective project delivery. This study employed a quantitative approach. 85 questionnaires were distributed to local contractors (G1 to G7) that specialised in IBS project and 45 respondents the questionnaires. The results were analysed using the SPSS version 28 and descriptive statistical analysis. According to the results of the analysis, respondents agreed that the main five (5) constraints in implementation of IBS project were high initial cost, required high skilled labour, fluctuation of raw material price, lack of technology implementation and lack of financing.

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