No abstract

The performance of an organisation is very crucial to ensure its sustainability. The success of an organisation does depend on the performance of its employees. Employee performance is critical to the overall success of the company (Leonard, 2019). Thus, it is crucial to ensure that the employees perform significantly to ensure the success of an organisation. This paper is conceptual in nature and not empirical. It is aimed at presenting the preliminary work for a study. The concepts of performance and the numerous theories that have evolved are examined. A review of previous literature on employee performance and other factors that influence employees' performance like professional competency and communication competency is conducted. This conceptual framework will guide in the data collection process whereby a basic quantitative method is proposed as the most suitable approach for this study. Questionnaires will be distributed to lecturers at comprehensive universities within Peninsular Malaysia. With the mediating variable of flexible working, the study seeks to observe whether it affects employees' performance.

A successful construction project requires synonymous efforts from all involved parties in the entire complicated stages, from designing, approving, supervising, and constructing the building. Nevertheless, in recent years, it is becoming more common to see poor quality in construction projects. Findings from the previous research have identified several variables that contribute to this poor workmanship in building constructions. This predicament originates from various crucial parts of the project including the management, subcontractors, labour, equipment, weather, and time. This study aims to identify specific factors affecting the workmanship quality in building construction in Perak, as well as to rank the factors from the most significant to the least significant that lead to poor workmanship. To fulfill the goals of this study, 157 online surveys were distributed to site supervisors from different construction sites in Perak. The data was analyzed and all factors were ranked based on the average index and frequency analysis. Results indicated that the lack of experience and competency of labour is the most significant factor overall, followed by poor project management and time limitation. Thus, it is recommended for construction management to put all these factors into consideration for better workmanship in building construction in the future.