This paper describes and discusses the development of the control system to produce engine sound as audible information for pedestrian to detect the Electric Vehicle (EV) presence instead of alarm type noise. EV produces less noise when travels at low speed condition and can bring unexpected accident to the road user. Various alarms were introduced by the car manufacturers to prevent this problem but the implementation of this system has brought some inconveniences to the EV user since EV is known for its calm and quiet. The engine sound that will be the output of the control system must meet the International Standard Organization (ISO) standard as minimum noise emitted from the vehicle and also as cue sound for pedestrian detection. The introduction of engine sound in EV at the low speed manoeuver is expected to resolve the safety issues among pedestrian and at the same time maintain the EV quality to its user.
Utilization of alternative fuels and utilization of waste heat has also become a major research area. This study reports on an investigation on a development of an energy converter of heat engine that converts energy from a waste heat flow process into acoustic power. The energy power converter operates with a temperature gradient imposed on a Celcor ceramic stack which then induces pressure oscillations. The system consists of a simple stainless steel pipe tube with a range of diameter open at one end. A waste heat gas is used to model a potential heat source from automobile engine. A two heat exchanger is required while copper plates are used as the ambient heat exchanger and hot heat exchanger. Effects on pressure oscillations have been observed with a calculated heat rate of 50 W at the stack. The system which operates at atmospheric pressure with air as the working fluid indicates a potential in utilizing the heat produced from waste heat automobile engine into making a new energy resource.
Thermoacoustic Heat Engine probably the most efficient energy source for electronic devices for the next 10 year ahead that require small amount of electrical energy to operate. This study was to simulate the Thermoacoustic Heat Engine (TAHE) standing wave system by conducting a Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) by using a Thermoacoustic system’s software named DeltaEC for better uderstanding on the fundamental of TAHE standing wave system. Some characteristics or parameters in the system that were studied in order to derive the fundamental knowledge of TAHE standing wave system. The thickness of Hot Heat Exchangers (Hot HX) plays the major role in affecting the maximum acoustic power generated, the level of onset temperature difference and maximum pressure amplitude followed by the stack length. Hot HX dimension (thickness) contributes nearly 3.3% changes in maximum acoustic power where the lowest thickness scores the highest maximum acoustic power generated. 2.9% of increment on maximum acoustic power generated by altering the length of the stack by 5 mm.
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