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nonlinear gain successfully prevents the energy exchange between two solitons traveling along two orthogonal polarization channels, respectively; in other words, the propagation of two dark solitons along two orthogonal polarization channels is mutually independent. This property is beneficial to the soliton polarization division multiplexing.In the fiber with randomly varying birefringence, the effects of interaction between the two dark solitons have been investigated with the use of numerical simulations. The results obtained show that the interaction between two dark solitons in the same polarization channel is weak, and the dark soliton propagation instability mainly comes from the randomly varying birefringence. On the contrary, the interaction between two dark solitons in two orthogonal polarization channels is strong, which leads to soliton splitting and soliton propagation instability. The randomly varying birefringence also has effects on dark soliton propagation; thus dark soliton propagation instability comes from both of these effects. The nonlinear gain can be introduced to effectively suppress the interaction and stabilize the dark soliton propagation either in the same polarization channel or the two orthogonal polarization channels. The use of a nonlinear gain is simple and efficient and has potential applications in the design of a polarization-division multiplexed system. ABSTRACT: The design and development of a wideband dual polarized planar array antenna of 3 ϫ 6 elements in C band is presented.The center frequency is 5.3 GHz. The single radiating element used in the array configuration is of stacked SSFIP. The antenna has been developed for beam pointing of 10°and side-lobe level better than Ϫ15 dB by proper choice of the complex excitation coefficients. The array antenna offers a bandwidth of 20% for a VSWR ratio of 2:1. The measured S parameters and radiation patterns are presented. ABSTRACT:Analytical expressions for parasitic-element-dependent scattering parameters of a non-self-aligned GaN MESFET are evaluated and their variation with frequency is shown. Maximum stable gain and maximum transducer power gain of the device are also evaluated and it is found that a GaN MESFET with the dimensions (1.5 ϫ 100 m) has maximum stable gain of about 13 dB.

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Abstract:In this paper comparisonof different shapes of coupling of microstrip patch antenna is discussed.The bandwidth of proposed design antenna is 37.43 % (2.705 GHz-1.852GHz). The antenna has been designed for 2.45GHz operating frequency and the result of different coupling is compared byIE3D simulationtool. The return loss is -15.698dB, gain of 3.7447 dBi and Directivity of6.8002 dBi. The resonant frequency is 2.5470GHz which is near to our operating frequency. The antenna is fed by 50ΩMicro strip line feed.