Lung cancer is the most rapidly increasing malignancy worldwide with an estimated 2.1 million cancer cases in the latest, 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) report. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of air pollution and lung cancer, in Tehran, Iran. Residential area information of the latest registered lung cancer cases that were diagnosed between 2014 and 2016 (N = 1,850) were inquired from the population-based cancer registry of Tehran. Long-term average exposure to PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene (BTEX), and BTEX in 22 districts of Tehran were estimated using land use regression models. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to generate multi-pollutant exposure profiles. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to examine the association between air pollutants and lung cancer incidence. The districts with higher concentrations for all pollutants were mostly in downtown and around the railway station. Districts with a higher concentration for NOx (IRR = 1.05, for each 10 unit increase in air pollutant), benzene (IRR = 3.86), toluene (IRR = 1.50), ethylbenzene (IRR = 5.16), p-xylene (IRR = 9.41), o-xylene (IRR = 7.93), m-xylene (IRR = 2.63) and TBTEX (IRR = 1.21) were significantly associated with higher lung cancer incidence. Districts with a higher multiple air-pollution profile were also associated with more lung cancer incidence (IRR = 1.01). Our study shows a positive association between air pollution and lung cancer incidence. This association was stronger for, respectively, p-xylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene, m-xylene and toluene.

Nanoparticles of zirconium metal organic framework UiO-66 (about 100 nm) have been used as proper supports for Pd nanoparticles. Highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles (about 3-15 nm) were deposed on activated UiO-66 metal organic framework using simple wet impregnation method at room temperature. UiO-66 and the supported Pd nanoparticles (Pd/UiO-66) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Investigation of the catalytic performance of Pd/UiO-66 showed that the synthetic nanocomposites can effectively catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura crosscoupling reaction of benzeneboronic acid with different aryl halides under mild reaction conditions using environmentally benign solvents. In addition, the stability and reusability of the catalyst were studied during the catalytic reaction and it is worth noting that the structure of Pd/UiO-66 catalyst remains intact during the catalytic reaction and the catalyst can be recycled four times without significant decrease in its catalytic activity.

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The removal of dye from textile industry wastewater using a photo-Fenton like catalyst system was investigated wherein the removal efficiency of phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was studied by varying various parameters of pH (3–11), reaction time (1–50 min), activated Carbon/CoFe2O4 (AC/CFO) nanocomposite dosage (0.1–0.9 g/L), and persulfate amount (1–9 mM/L). The highest removal rates of reactive red 198 and COD were found to be 100% and 98%, respectively, for real wastewater under the optimal conditions of pH = 6.5, AC/CFO nanocomposite dosage (0.3 g/L), reaction time, 25 min, and persulfate dose of 5 mM/L up on constant UV light irradiation (30 W) at ambient room temperature. The result showed that this system is a viable and highly efficient remediation protocol relative to other advanced oxidation processes; inexpensive nature, the ease of operation, use of earth-abundant materials, and reusability for removal of organic pollutants being the salient attributes.