Intercalation of acrylamide into interlayer spaces of natural  montmorillonite called maghnite (Algerian MMT) by the free solvent polymerization technique under micowave irradiation was studied. The transformation was carried out with using both the raw (Maghnite-Na fin) and treated clay (Maghnite-Na+ fin) in aqueous sodium hydroxide NaOH solution (1 M). It was shown that no initial modification of the layered mineral (by ion-exchange with Na+ cations or organophilization) is needed for the successful introduction of anionic hydrogels into the interlayer gallery. The goal of the present study was to synthesis anionic polyacrylamide/Maghnite composite with similar composition and structure to that synthesized of other catalyst. The Maghnite catalyst has a significant role in the industrial scale. In fact, the use of Maghnite is preferred for its many advantages: a very low purchase price compared to other catalysts, the easy removal of the reaction mixture. The anionic sodium-clay polyacrylamide material exhibited a tendency to the formation of exfoliated structure. The synthesized hydrogels, as monitored by the swelling behavior, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1HNMR analysis. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 24th June 2017; Revised: 13rd December 2017; Accepted: 14th December 2017; Available online: 11st June 2018; Published regularly: 1st August 2018How to Cite: Rahmouni, R., Belbachir, M., Ayat, M. (2018). Structural Investigation: Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide under Microwave Irradiation using Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerien MMT) as Initiator. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (2): 262-274 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1308.262-274)