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Graphical Abstract Synthetic and Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activity Studies on Annomuricatin B

A B S T R A C TIn this study, performance of two different adsorbents namely, activated alumina (AA) and coal fly ash (CFA) have been examined for the removal of an antibiotic Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPH) from its aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of various operational parameters such as pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature on the adsorption process. The optimal pH for CPH adsorption was found to be 4. The adsorption kinetics was evaluated at different initial antibiotic concentrations and temperatures. Kinetics of adsorption, in all cases, followed pseudosecond-order rate equation for both the adsorbents. Adsorption of CPH was well described by Freundlich isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis unveiled the feasibility, spontaneity, and endothermic nature of overall adsorption process at higher temperatures. Values of DG˚for CFA and AA are À0.029 and À2.714 kJ/mol, respectively, at 328 K. The corresponding values for DH˚are 6.572 and 28.408 kJ/mol and that of DS˚are 0.020 and 0.093 kJ/mol K, respectively. The study is significant in designing the water treatment plants for the removal of CPH. Overall, it was concluded that AA is a better adsorbent than CFA for the removal of CPH from its aqueous solution.

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this research was to synthesize and evaluate anti-microbial properties of 1-(6-nitro-2<em>H</em>-benzo[<em>b</em>][1,4]thiazine-3(4<em>H</em>)-ylidene)hydrazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These new compounds were synthesized by reaction of 2<em>H</em>-benzo[b][1,4]thiazin-3(4<em>H</em>)-one with hydrazine derivatives and oxidized at the sulfur atom by 30% hydrogen peroxide to obtain sulfones. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FTIR, ¹HNMR, ¹³CNMR and Mass studies confirms the synthesis of some new 1-(6-nitro-2<em>H</em>-benzo[<em>b</em>][1,4]thiazine-3(4<em>H</em>)-ylidene) hydrazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives. Compound 5f showed potent antimicrobial activity whereas compounds 5c and 5e showed moderate antimicrobial activity.</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Result obtained in this research work clearly indicated that the compound 5f having methyl at 2 position and nitro groups at 2′ and 4′ position showed the most potent antimicrobial activity.<p> </p>