Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains LT1 and LT4 previously isolated from a yogurt factory were shown to be lysogenic and inducible by mitomycin C or u.v. irradiation, induction being optimal at the beginning of exponential growth. Five indicator strains (four of L. lactis, one of L. bulgaricus) were found in which the two phage lysates propagated well in a liquid medium, but formed plaques on bacterial lawns less readily. Ca 2+ was required for the phage infection of the indicator strains to reach termination. Phage particles from each strain exhibited a comparable ultrastructural morphology under the electron microscope, having an isometric head, a triple collar and a noncontractile fibre-containing tail.
Strains of Lactobacillus helveticus resistant to 100 Ilg/ml of lysozyme were obtained by 2-4 successive transfers in milk containing lysozyme at this concentration. The non-growing ce Ils exhibited a greater resistance to loss of viability and to Iysis. Resistant strains were similar to sensitive strains in regard to growth in milk as measured by the conductimetric method, carbohydrate fermentation and enzymatic activity patterns, NaCI and antibiotic resistance. Lysozyme resistance in L helveticus exhibited stability in the absence of lysozyme. Acquisition of resistance was apparently obtained by strain adaptation and not by selection of spontaneous mutants. Lactobacillus helvet/eus 1lysozyme resistance Résumé-Caractérisation des souches de Laetobaeillus helvet/eus résistantes au lysozyme. Des souches de L helveticus résistantes à 100 Jlg/ml de lysozyme ont été obtenues par 2-4 repiquages successifs dans du lait contenant du lysozyme à cette concentration. Les cellules nonproliférantes des souches résistantes ont une plus grande résistance vis-à-vis de la perte de viabilité et vis-à-vis de la lyse. Les souches résistantes ont les mêmes propriétés que les souches sensibles en ce qui concerne la croissance dans le lait (mesurée par conductimétrie), les profils de fermentation des sucres et des activités enzymatiques, la résistance au NaCI et aux antibiotiques. La résistance au lysozyme chez L helveticus reste stable en l'absence de lysozyme. L'acquisition de la résistance se fait apparemment par adaptation de la souche et non par sélection de mutants spontanés.
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