Acute pancreatitis is the most common serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) resulting in significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) has been recognized since ERCP was first performed, and many studies have shown a consistent risk that must be balanced against the many benefits of this procedure. This review will discuss the pathogenesis, epidemiology, potential risk factors, and clinical presentation of PEP. Moreover, it will discuss in detail the most recent updates of PEP prevention and management.

Autoimmune thyroid disease traditionally includes chronic thyroiditis, autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease), and primary nongoitrous myxedema, and these diseases have a common syndrome-sharing pathophysiology. Here we report a rare case of simultaneous occurrence of thyrotoxicosis linked to Graves' disease and chronic hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

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Since 2006, a control scheme for the Quality of Service of the electric energy distribution was established in Uruguay. The Uruguayan Energy Services Regulator (URSEA), set parameters and goals for all the three Quality of Service aspects: Continuity of Supply, Voltage Quality and Commercial Service Quality. The Administración Nacional de Usinas y Trasmisiones Eléctricas (UTE) is a state-owned enterprise responsible for the Distribution of electricity in all the Uruguayan territory. This paper summarizes UTE's experience in the control of the Voltage Quality aspect after six years of the establishment of this control scheme.

PurposeProton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is increasing in the general population. Chronic PPI use can lead to hypergastrinemia, which has been purported to increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Several studies have failed to report any association between PPI use and the risk of CRC. However, little is known about the effect of PPI use on CRC survival. In this retrospective analysis, we studied the effect of PPI use on CRC survival in a racially diverse population.MethodsData were abstracted for 1050 consecutive patients diagnosed with CRC from January 2007 to December 2020. Kaplan-Meier curve was created to study the effect of PPI exposure compared to no exposure on overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate predictors of survival.ResultsComplete data were available for 750 patients with CRC, 52.5% were males, 22.7% Whites, 60.1% Asians, and 17.2% Pacific-Islanders. 25.6% of patients had a history of PPI use. Moreover, 79.2% had hypertension, 68.8% had hyperlipidemia, 38.0% had diabetes mellitus and 30.2% had kidney disease.There was no difference in median OS among PPI users compared to non-users, p value= 0.4. Age, grade, and stage were predictors of inferior OS. No significant association was noticed with gender, race, comorbidities, or treatment with chemotherapy.ConclusionIn this retrospective analysis of a racially diverse population of CRC patients, we found that PPI use was not associated with worse OS. Until high quality prospective data are available, physicians should not stop PPIs that are clinically indicated.This article is present on a preprint server of Research square website and can be accessed on https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-796911/v1. This article is not published nor is under publication elsewhere.