The fiberboard waste with about 10% adhesive as bonding materials will release a large amount of NO x into the atmosphere when being used for energy resources. To mitigate the emission, it is desirable to convert the waste biomass into material-based products, so that the N species could be possibly retained in the solids without being emitted into the air. Thus, this study aims to examine the effects of glucose addition on the N retention and migration in chars during the copyrolysis with fiberboard wastes, especially considering the N-doped solid char as a potential high value functional carbon material. The pyrolysis experiments were mainly conducted in a fixed-bed quartz reactor at various temperatures, and the resultant chars were subjected to XPS analysis and other characterizations. It was found that the introduction of glucose has significantly increased the N retentions by 2−3 times at all the examined temperatures compared to the pyrolysis of fiberboard alone. During the copyrolysis, the relative abundance of amine-N in char at 400 °C has greatly decreased, while 500 °C has seen only N-5 and N-6 remaining in the char. Therefore, the copyrolysis of fiberboard waste and glucose could considerably enhance the N retentions in chars as well as vary the transformation of N occurring forms by the reactions between the adhesive-derived volatiles and the O-containing groups from the decomposition of glucose.

The change in the properties of low-density polyethylene after adding starch, oxo-material, polylactic acid, and their mixture was studied. Different amounts of the additives were added, and films were prepared by using a twin-screw extruder at 150-225 C. By Minitab software, the optimum percentages of the additives were selected. The films were kept under different environmentalconditions including "open atmosphere," "buried underground," and "buried underground with regular daily irrigation" for 6 months. The degradability, tensile strength, elongation at breaking point, and dart impact were measured. Thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR spectrum changes were used to monitor changes. SEM images illustrated that the starch changed the morphology significantly, while other additives did not show remarkable effects. Mechanical and chemical properties changed significantly when starch was added. The highest changes were recorded for the sample with three additives, which was showing the high efficiency of the film decomposition. The highest amount of chemical changes was recorded for the same film. After 6 months, the lowest crystallinity was recorded by DSC and XRD for the same sample. Different environmental conditions showed different effects on the films mechanical properties. However, chemical properties of the films, excluding the film with starch, did not change significantly.

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Strontium segregation in a La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) electrode reacts with Cr and S in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), which can cause cell performance deterioration.

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