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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) UiO-66 (UiO stands for University of Oslo) and NH 2 -UiO-66 were prepared and characterized as sorbent (antidotal agents) for curcumin (CUR) adsorption. The structure of products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and N 2 adsorption-desorption measurements. FESEM showed NH 2 -UiO-66 displayed symmetrical crystals with triangular base pyramid morphology, with the particle size around 100 nm and uniform size distribution. Adsorption capacities of CUR/MOFs with different mass ratios in the feed were investigated in the present study, and this investigation revealed that when the CUR/MOFs with mass ratio was around 0.4, the absorption capacity of NH 2 -UiO-66 had tended to maximum. Although, functionalization reduced the specific surface area and free volume, introducing polar amine groups could improve the affinity of NH 2 -UiO-66 respect to CUR.Kinetic studies showed that the kinetic data are well fitted with the pseudo-second-order model. MTT assay revealed that MOFs at the concentration range of 0-560 μg/ml had no cytotoxic effect on the Human Foreskin Fibroblast normal cell line (HFF-2). These results suggest that these MOFs could be safe as sorbent for adsorb CUR from the body.

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This review provides a summary of recent progress in the development of different nano-platforms for the efficient synergistic effect between photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. In particular, this review focuses on various methods in which photosensitizers and chemotherapeutic agents are co-delivered to the targeted tumor site. In many cases, the photosensitizers act as drug carriers, but this review, also covers different types of appropriate nanocarriers that aid in the delivery of photosensitizers to the tumor site. These nanocarriers include transition metal, silica and graphene-based materials, liposomes, dendrimers, polymers, metal–organic frameworks, nano emulsions, and biologically derived nanocarriers. Many studies have demonstrated various benefits from using these nanocarriers including enhanced water solubility, stability, longer circulation times, and higher accumulation of therapeutic agents/photosensitizers at tumor sites. This review also describes novel approaches from different research groups that utilize various targeting strategies to increase treatment efficacy through simultaneous photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.