This study was carried out in a slaughterhouse of Central Department, City of Asuncion, in order to determine the prevalence and the economic losses caused by the presence of Fasciola hepatica in bovine livers. For this purpose, bovine livers were sampled without distinction of race, sex, age, coming from different areas of the country during the month of April. The number of livers inspected was 4179 of the bovine species, of which 24 livers tested positive for Fasciola hepatica, representing 0.6% of prevalence, most positive cases came from the Department of Misiones. The recorded economic losses amount of 174 dollars, with an average weight of 5.5 kilograms, on the total bovine livers examined positive

su procesamiento en el laboratorio. La técnica utilizada para la digestibilidad in vitro fue la descripta por Tilley y Terry y fue hecha con 4 repeticiones. La composición química del Expeller fue:

En Colombia, el sector lácteo a pesar de ser considerado como estratégico y jugarun papel importante dentro del sector agropecuario y la economía del país, siendo el suero costeño un producto artesanal autóctono de la región caribe colombiana, obtenido por la fermentación natural de la leche cruda, por lo tanto, el objetivo fue elaborar y evaluar el suero costeño con adición de Lactobacillus lactis. Se caracterizó las características fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y reológicas el producto elaborado de acuerdo con lo establecido por las Normas Colombianas. El suero costeño de contenido bajo en grasa (18%), cloruros (1.872%), pH (4.3), densidad (1.032 gcm-3) y acidez (0.75% ácido láctico) y una población de E. coli de <10UFC/g. Se puede concluir que las características fisicoquímicas y bromatológicas del suero costeño elaborado se encontraron dentro de los parámetros lo establecido por las Normas Colombianas.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a low consumption protein-energy supplement that incorporates 15% of coconut pulp expeller in bovine animals. These pasture fattening cattle were checked on daily weight gain, supplement consumption and efficiency of pasture use. This study was carried out in a livestock establishment in the Department of Concepción, Paraguay. A total of 108 animals were selected; castrated male bovines, 342 ± 30.2 of body weight (BW), age average 28 months, Nelore breed distributed in 2 treatments (T1 and T2): T1 = 42 animals; control group (pasture + conventional mineral salt) and T2 = 66 animals; treatment group with a protein-energy supplement (pasture + protein-energy supplement with minerals). In both treatments, the animals grazed on pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú and Panincum maximaun cv. Tanzania used a system of pasture rotation of 1 -3 days of occupation and 35 -40 days of rest. The average daily weight gain (DG) was 0.82 and 0.83 kg/day (p > 0.05), the supplement consumption was 0.1 and 0.28 kg/day per animal and the % disappearance of the biomass of 18 and 23% for T1 and T2, respectively. In conclusion, there was no evident effect on DG of protein-energy supplementation.

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