Background: Wound infections are global problem in the field of surgery associated with long hospital stay, higher treatment expenditure, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To isolate and identify the bacteria causing wound infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawady Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 for a period of one (01) year. A total of 190 wound swabs were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at inpatient department with skin and soft tissue infection. Swabs from the wound were inoculated on appropriate media and cultured and the isolates were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines. Results: In this study, out of 190 cases 115 (60.52%) were male and 75 (39.47%) were female and majority 85(44.73%) were in the age group of 16 to 30 years. A total number of 190 isolates were obtained, among which 124 (65.25%) were culture positive cases. Among the isolated organisms predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 68 (35.79%) followed by Escherichia coli 30 (15.79%), Pseudomonas 14 (7.37%), Klebsiella 6 (3.16%), Proteus 4 (2.10%) and Acinetobacter 2 (1.05%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (94.11%), vancomycin (88.23%) and amikacin (70.58%). Among the Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli was predominant and showed sensitivity to imipenem (80%), amikacin (70%), ceftazidime (60%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (56.66%), colistin (53.33%). Pseudomonas showed sensitivity to colistin (78.57%), imipenem (71.42%). Klebsiella showed sensitivity to imipenem (83.33%), amikacin (66.66%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (66.66%), and colistin(66.66%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from wound swab and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various isolates will guide for appropriate selection of antibiotics against wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 65-68

Background: Typhoid fever remains a public health concern in developing countries. Antibiotic therapy constitutes the mainstay of management and multidrug resistant Salmonella spp has been emerged as a major public health concern. Objective: This study was done to evaluate antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi isolated from blood in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital. Methods: The retrospective study was done from January 2017 to December 2017 at microbiology laboratory, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College. A total of 367 samples, 30 isolates of Salmonella typhi obtained from blood culture. Both the indoor and outdoor patients were enrolled in this study. Results: During one year study period, total 367 cases were enrolled and the prevalence of Salmonella typhi was 30 (8.2 %). Among them (56.1%) were male with a male to female ratio 1.27:1. The bulk (50.1%) cases were in the age group of 15-30 years, 14.4% cases were in less than 15 years and 6.5% cases were in more than 60 years of age. Regarding antibiotic sensitivity pattern, 70% strains were sensitive to amikacin, 73.33% to azithromycin, 63.33% to ceftazidime, 66.66% to ceftriaxone, 86.66% to ciprofloxacin and 70% were nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella typhi. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin may be used to treat typhoid fever cases and Ceftriaxone, azithromycin may be used as alternative drugs if they are found susceptible in culture and sensitivity testing. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2018, Vol.10(2); 96-98

Background and Aims Perinatal asphyxia may result in transient myocardial ischameia, confirmed by elevated Troponin T levels. Gold standard echocardiographic measures of contractility (ejection and shortening fraction) may not pick up subtle ischaemic changes. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) allows assessment of systolic and diastolic function. Used in conjunction with Troponin T TDI may offer superior measure of myocardial contractility. Methods Term infants with evidence of Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) underwent echocardiography on Day 1 & 7 of life. Healthy term controls had one echocardiogram on Day 1. Serum Troponin T levels were recorded in infants with NE. Myocardial velocities were obtained using a pulsed wave doppler from an apical four chamber view. Peak systolic (S'), early diastolic (E') and late diastolic (A') velocities were recorded. Results 17 patients with evidence of NE and 20 term controls were recruited. Mean birthweight (SD) was 3.6 kg (0.9) and gestation 39 (5) weeks. TDI systolic and diastolic velocities increased between Day 1&7 in infants with NE. All day 1 measures in the NE group were less than the controls. There was no significant difference between the shortening/ejection fraction on day 1 between the two groups (NE: 33.7-35.3%; Control: 64.3-67.4%) Troponin levels were significantly elevated on Day 1 compared to Day 7 in NE group (p<0.05) (0.53-0.38ng/ml). Conclusions TDI measures in infants with NE are less than controls on Day 1. Troponin levels were initially significantly increased providing further evidence of myocardial ischaemia in infants with NE.

Background: Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease and has the highest burden with it. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in many countries is still dependent on microscopy. For developing countries with a large number of cases and financial constraints, evaluation of rapid and inexpensive diagnostic methods has great importance. Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC) is the accepted reference standard for confirmation of TB infection and is necessary for drug susceptibility testing (DST). There are several methods for culturing MtbC using solid and liquid media. Although solid media has been used for over 100 years, liquid culture media is increasingly being introduced in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of solid culture and liquid culture in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in the Department of Microbiology at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka and National Institute of Chest Disease & Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka during the period of January 2016 to December 2016 for a period of 1(one) year. Sputum samples from suspected MDR-TB patients were collected by purposive sampling technique from OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and NIDCH. Microscopy, liquid culture in liquid MGIT 960 media were done for MTB diagnosis. Result: This study shows the comparison of results of microscopic examination of solid culture and liquid culture (MGIT 960). The liquid MGIT 960 method detected more positive samples than solid culture 68% vs 67%. The mean turnaround time of detection (TTD) of MTB was 34.3±5.2 days for Lowenstein-Jensen media and 17.5±3.8 days for MGIT 960 (p value <0.05). So, liquid culture gave earlier result than solid culture. Conclusion: Liquid culture more positive result than solid culture under microscope in smear of sputum and also liquid culture gave earlier result than solid culture. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 28-31

Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is established as a multifactorial disease resulting from a complex interplay between genetic, environmental and immunological factors. It is a seronegative arthritis but rheumatoid factor may be present in up to 15% of PsA patients Antibodies recognizing a cyclic citrullinated peptide are highly speciûc for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but their role in PsA remains unclear. An increased prevalence of anti-CCP antibody in PsA is also reported. Study shows that HLA-DRB1 shared epitope is signiûcantly associated with the presence of anti-CCP antibody in PsA patients but this type of association is not found with other human leukocyte antigens. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of anti-CCP and RF in PsA patients and their associations with HLA-B locus antigens. Methods: In this cross sectional study, we selected 50 unrelated consecutive patients with PsA according to CASPAR criteria for PsA. 6 ml of blood was collected from each patient for HLAB locus typing, RA test and test for anti-CCP. Patient’s serum samples were tested for RF by Nephelometric system and tests for anti-CCP were done by ELISA. HLA-B locus typing was done by PCR with sequence specific primer. Results: Among 50 PsA patients, 27 (54%) are female and 23 (46%) are male. RA test is positive in 10 (20%) patients and anti-CCP is positive in 7 (14%) patients. Significant association was found between HLA-B*37 and RF (p value= < 0.001). Conclusion: RF is present in 10 (20%) and anti-CCP is present in 7 (14%) PsA patients. HLAB* 37 was significantly found in RF positive patients. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2020; 12(2): 109-114