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Advanced breeding lines with acceptable resistance and tolerance levels to broomrape is an important way of decreasing yield loss. The objective of this research was to assess the yield stability of faba bean genotypes under diverse broomrape (Orobanche crenata) prone production environments. Six faba bean genotypes were tested across six environments. The AMMI analysis showed significant (P<0.01) genotype, environment and genotype by environment interaction and the environment explained higher sum of square for the response variable grain yield. The AMMI one gives the best model fitness for the grain yield and broomrape number. Using the AMMI 1 biplot, polygon view of the GGE biplot and comparison of genotypes based on ideal genotype, the genotype ILB4358 was higher yielder and stable with lower Orobanche number followed by the genotype Sel.F5/3382/2003-4. Using the AMMI biplot analysis E3 (Adigolo, 2011) and E4 (Adigolo, 2012) were unfavorable environments, while, E1 (Awliegara, 2011), E2 (Awliegara,), E5 (Kolatsihidi, 2011) and E6 (Kolatsihidi, 2012) were favorable testing environments.

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Protein content is a prerequisite for malting quality and it is highly affected by environment. The objective of this study was to quantify the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction and assess the protein content of malt barley genotypes in diversified locations. Eight malt barley genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design using three replications at six locations of Tigray, Ethiopia durining 2013/2014 main cropping season. The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction effect model (AMMI) analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.01) for genotype, location and genotype by location interaction for protein content. The magnitude of location was twice the magnitude of genotype. Hence, the malt barley genotypes had not a consistent rank across location. The AMMI model clearly indicated the presence of large magnitude of genotype by location interaction which can be partitioned into four significant interaction principal components. The malt barley genotypes were best explained by the AMMI2. Therefore, this model is vital for protein content study in the area. According to the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction effect biplot 1 analysis and ranking biplot f the GGE the genotypes Holkler and Bekoji were stable for desirable protein content for malting. The AMMI1 biplot indicated that locations Korem, Emba-hasti and Astella were unfavorable having protein content less than the grand mean. However, Hashange Mekhan and Hagara-Selam were favorable with protein content greater than the grand mean. In the malting industry protein content is not the only indicator and other quality requirements have to be incorporated for full packaged recommendation of the malt barley genotypes.

In any crop improvement program, the presence of genetic divergence is an important entry point for selection and hybridization. A trial was executed using twenty durum wheat genotypes with the objective of determining the genetic divergence and trait variability in durum wheat genotypes. The study was carried out in Ofla district, Tigray during the 2014 cropping season using a randomized complete block design. The inter-cluster distance of the twenty durum wheat genotypes ranges from 0.57536 in cluster one to 212.02335 in cluster four. The maximum inter-cluster distance was between cluster two and cluster four which was 212.0233. The clustering analysis classified the twenty durum wheat genotypes into four distinct clusters and the first cluster accommodates 15 durum genotypes including the two release genotypes. The second cluster consists of three durum wheat genotypes. The third and fourth clusters similarly contained each one durum wheat genotype. Cluster two and cluster four was highly divergent and crossing program between these clusters could result better segregating population in durum wheat breeding program.