Violence is a type of behavior that takes different forms and is also directed at different groups. This is one of the major societal problems. The main objective of the present study is to examine the relationship between the perception of violence and self-esteem levels in Turkish women. The Personal Information Form asked some questions concerning Turkish women's perception of violence, the kinds of violence they are exposed to; the frequency of violence they are exposed to and their reactions to the violent behavior. This was administered to 212 Turkish women, using the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Scale. The findings revealed that most of the women (70%) perceive violence most intensely as physical violence. Another significant finding of this study revealed that when the self-esteem of women increases, the sensitivity to the kinds of violence also increases. The findings have also been discussed in the light of similar research findings and finally some suggestions have been made.

Problem Statement: Feelings of shame and guilt as negative social emotions have a deep and continuous impact throughout our lives, particularly on our behaviors in both intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships. It was widely accepted that these feelings originate from a person's early period of life's interpersonal experiences in the family and other key relationships. According to literature, shame and guilt are also related to personality traits; however, research findings were not consistent with each other. At this point, owing to the possible effect of the culture on shame and guilt, it can be considered that the relationship between these emotions and personality needs to be investigated in the cultural context. Purpose of the Study:The aim of the present study is to investigate the predictive power of the Big Five Model's personality traits on shame and guilt in Turkish culture. Methods:The study was designed according to the Relational Survey Model. The sample of the study consisted of 360 (F= 183, M=177) students who studied in several faculties and departments of a city university located in the western part of Turkey. The participants' age ranged between 17-30 years (M=21.35, SD= 1.64). The Shame-Guilt Scale and Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO FFI) were used as measurements.Findings and Results: Results showed that shame and guilt were predicted by personality traits. In terms of shame, it was found that neuroticism had the largest effect on both genders. The greater the scores were for neuroticism, the greater was shame. Shame was also predicted by

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The purpose of this research is to determine the predictive effect of adolescents' emotional abuse perceived from parents and teachers on their academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy. Data were collected from among 323 students, 187 of them girls and 136 of them boys, who have been attending to five different secondary schools in Ataşehir district, İstanbul. "The Perception of Psychological Maltreatment Inventory for Adolescent-Mother Form and Father Form" (Vardar, 1994) "Perceived Teacher Behavior Scale" (Çakar, 1994) and "Self-Efficacy Scale for Children" (Telef, 2011) were used in the data collection process. According to the results of step-wise multiple regression analysis, the adolescents' emotional abuse perceived from their teachers alone explains 13% of variance on academic self-efficacy scores and 7% of variance on social self-efficacy scores. It has been found that emotional abuse perceived from parents does not contribute significantly to the predictions of academic and social self-efficacy. Emotional abuse perceived by adolescents from their fathers alone explains 2% of variance on emotional self-efficacy scores. Findings revealed that emotional abuse perceived from mothers and teachers did not have a significant predictive effect on adolescents'sense of emotional self-efficacy. The findings are discussed based on the relevant literature.