Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat potensial bakteri asam laktat kandididat probiotik yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Terdapat 3 tahap dalam penelitian yaitu isolasi, karakterisasi dan uji potensi bakteri asam laktat dalam menghambat bakteri patogen. Sumber isolat bakteri asam laktat diperoleh dari susu fermentasi, sawi fermentasi dan saluran pencernaan ikan. Tiga jenis bakteri patogen yang digunakan meliputi: Eschericia coli, Salmonella thypii dan Sghigella dysentriae. Ketiga jenis bakteri ini mewakili bakteri yang umum menyerang saluran pencernaan. Enam isolat bakteri asam laktat berhasil diisolasi dari 3 jenis sampel berbeda. Isolat tersebut adalah BAL01, BAL02, BAL03, BAL04, BAL05 dan BAL06. Kemampuan antagonis masing – masing isolat berbeda dalam menghambat bakteri patogen. Isolat BAL01 DAN BAL02 mampu menghambat E. coli dengan zona hambat sebesar 9.25 mm. Isolat BAL02 mampu menghambat S. Thypii dengan zona hambat sebesar 8.5 mm. Sedangkan zona hambat terbesar dalam menghambat S. dysentriae ditunjukkan oleh isolat BAL03 yaitu sebesar 11 mm.

Penelitian tentang Preferensi Pohon Bagi Burung di Kawasan Restorasi Resort Sei Betung Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Sumatera Utara telah dilakukan pada bulan Januari - Maret 2017.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pohon restorasi yang paling sering dikunjungi oleh burung, aktivitas dominan yang dilakukan oleh burung pada pohon, dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kehadiran burung pada pohon di kawasan restorasi Resort Sei Betung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei eksploratif, dengan menggunakan binokuler, kamera digital, dan buku panduan identifikasi burung. Pengamatan jenis dan aktivitas burung dilakukan pagi dan sore hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 jenis jenis pohon restorasi yang paling sering dikunjungi oleh burung yaitu Vitex pubescens, Phyllanthus sp, Calicarpa pentandra, Callerya artropurpurea, dan Macaranga indica. Pohon Vitex pubescens merupakan pohon dengan kunjungan burung paling banyak yaitu 73 kali kunjungan. Phyllanthus sp adalah jenis pohon dengan kujungan burung paling banyak kedua yaitu sebanyak 51 kunjungan. Pohon Macaranga indica, pohon Calicarpa pentandra, dan pohon Callerya atropurpurea, masing-masing sebanyak 30, 28, dan 26 kunjungan burung. Aktivitas dominan yang dilakukan oleh burung pada pohon adalah aktivitas singgah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kehadiran burung pada pohon adalah ketersediaan pakan, kondisi tajuk, tinggi tajuk, ukuran cabang dan kelebatan daun.

Pteris vittata has a high morphological variation and it has wide geographic regions around the world . Study of morphology and its correlation with with altitude of plant origin area in Java is very little informed. This aims of this research were first to study the diversity of morphological characters of P. vittata from Java; and to know the correlations among morphological characters to the plant orignated altitute; This study was conducted from September 2012 until September 2013. Plants materials were  collected by exploration method.  Morphological observations carried out on 130 individuals that had been collected from West Java, Central of Java and Yogyakarta in various altitude areas. Pteris vittata from Java Island varied in the morphological characters. The varied in the morphological characters i.e. size and shape of fronds, pinnae and apical segment. Variations in morphology was not correlated with altitude of plant origin area. Taxonomycally, P. vittata in Java can be divided into two groups infraspecies, namely P.vittata subspecies vittata and P.vittata subspecies emodi.

Hypercholesterolemia is a condition where cholesterol levels in the blood exceed normal limits and are a cause of risk of coronary heart disease. Generaly hypercholesterolemia occurs in old age but does not rule out the possibility that it can occur in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in adoles­cent patients in the Thamrin clinical laboratory in Medan 2017. This study was conducted in June 2018 with descriptive methods obtained by collecting secondary nomina from the results of the patient's laboratory examination. Based on the results of the study of the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia that occurred in adolescents as many as 123 people with a percentage of 17.7% of the number of adolescent patients who visited. The conclusion of this study is the state of hypercholesterolemia can occur in adolescents not only in adulthood and old age.

Praptosuwiryo TNg, Mumpuni M. 2018. Chromosome numbers of some species of Pteris (Pteridaceae) in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2118-2126. Pteris L. (Pteridaceae) is a large fern genus consisting of about 250 species which distributed predominantly in tropical and subtropical countries. The genus grows in a diversity of ecosystems, either terrestrially or lithophytically, although most species occur in the forest. A study of the cytology of Pteris in Java is being undertaken for the conceptual understanding of the interrelationships between various fern species in the Malesian region. This aims of our study are: (1) to observe somatic chromosome number of some species of Pteris in Java; (2) to determine the reproduction types of the observed species by counting the spore number per sporangium; (3) to discuss polyploidy in the species in relation to plant morphological variation across their geographical distribution. Chromosome counts for eight species are reported. Pteris biaurita is an apogamous diploid species (2n = 58). Pteris ensiformis var. ensiformis has chromosome numbers of 2n = 87 (apogamous triploid) and 2n = 116 (sexual tetraploid), while                 P. ensiformis var. victoriae has a chromosome number 2n = 58 and is a sexual diploid. Pteris fauriei is an apogamous triploid species (2n = 87). Pteris longipinnula has a chromosome number of 2n = 116 (tetraploid). Pteris multifida and P. vittata are sexual tetraploids (2n=116). Pteris tripartita has two ploidy levels (sexual diploid and tetraploid). Another currently unplaced Javanese Pteris sp. has 2n = 87 (apogamous triploid). Diploid P. biaurita, tetraploid P. ensiformis, triploid P. fauriei, diploid P. tripartita, and teraploid P. vittata are new record cytotypes for Central Java. Polyploidy in the genus in relation to plant morphological variation across its geographical range is discussed.