<p class="06AbstrakIndonesia"><span lang="IN">Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kondisi sosial masyarakat perbatasan Indonesia-Papua Nugini di Muara Tami dan mendeskripsikan dinamika paham kebangsaan mereka. Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur. Temuan penelitian ini adalah, sebagai berikut: <em>Pertama</em>, infrastruktur di Muara Tami mengalami kemajuan dibanding lima tahun lalu. Akses pelayanan publik telah tersedia, meski masih dalam keterbatasan. Kondisi perekonomian masyarakat perbatasan sejak program transmigrasi dibuka pada 1984, umumnya sejahtera. Infrastruktur juga cukup bagus dibanding lima tahun lalu. Secara ekonomi, masyarakat Indonesia di perbatasan lebih sejahtera dibanding orang Papua Nugini (PNG). Ini pula yang menyebabkan perasaan bangga menjadi bagian dari Negara Indonesia. <em>Kedua</em>, paham kebangsaan masyarakat perbatasan secara umum terlihat cukup bagus, apabila mengacu kepada pengetahuan terhadap Pancasila, UUD 1945, NKRI, dan kebinekaan. Meski begitu, ingatan sosial sebagian Orang Asli Papua (OAP) terhadap Organisasi Papua Merdeka (OPM), masih bertumbuh di kalangan aktivis mahasiswa dan dosen OAP. Adanya kesenjangan ekonomi antara migran pendatang non Papua dengan OAP, sering memicu kecemburuan OAP, yang sewaktu-waktu dapat berdampak kepada ketegangan sosial. Karena itu, nasionalisme bagi OAP, juga adalah menyangkut peningkatan kesejahteraan ekonomi.</span></p>

Religious moderation based on local wisdom is spread throughout Indonesian archipelago, one of which is that of the Kei ethnic group in Southeastern Maluku. This paper deliberates concepts and practices of religious moderation based on Kei local wisdom, as it is still practiced today. Due to the strong bond of the unitying local wisdom, the people live in harmony regardless of their differences in faith. It is Ain ni Ain's philosophy of life and the customary law of Larvul Ngabal that allow of it. The first means "one has one", getting all the Kei together in a strong bond of brotherhood. The latter, the customary law of Larvul Ngabal, serves as a guidance in intercommunity relations. Both have been tested as tools of social reconciliation when the religious conflict across Maluku spread to the Kei Islands. The principle of non-violence that became the spirit of Ain ni Ain and Larvul Ngabal succeeded in disintensifying the conflicts. The practice of religious moderation is implemented in the wisdom of fanganan (empathy), yelim (helping each other), and maren (mutual cooperation). All of the three are practiced in interreligious relations, such as in the construction of houses of worship and commemoration of religious holidays that last to this day and contribute to the harmonious life of the people of Kei.