Sistem yumina-bumina merupakan kombinasi teknis budidaya antara pemeliharaan ikan dengan tanaman sayur dan buah secara terpadu. Sistem ini mampu meningkatkan produktivitas baik pada ikan maupun tanamannya. Kelebihan lain dari sistem ini adalah dapat dilakukan di lahan yang terbatas dan hemat air. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah mengaplikasikan teknik budidaya dengan sistem yumina-bumina aliran atas pada budidaya ikan baung bersama dengan tanaman pakcoy dan tomat. Metode kegiatan ini di mulai dari perakitan sistem yumina-bumina aliran atas, penyemaian tanaman, penanaman bibit tanaman, penebaran benih ikan, serta pemeliharaan sistem yumina-bumina, baik pada ikan, tanaman maupun sistem budidaya yang digunakan. Hasil kegiatan budidaya ikan dengan sistem yumina-bumina aliran atas mendapatkan jumlah panen ikan baung sebanyak 296 ekor, setara dengan sintasan sebesar 98,68% dengan biomassa ikan 4,56 kg. Selain mendapatkan ikan, juga didapatkan panen tanaman pakcoy sebanyak 3,6 kg dan tomat 4,6 kg. Secara umum, sistem yumina-bumina aliran atas ini berhasil memberikan keuntungan ganda kepada pembudidaya, yaitu berupa ikan baung, serta tanaman sayuran dan buah.
Polar codes ware mathematically proven to achieve the Shannon limit, where the error probability is reduced with the help of frozen bits. Since the frozen bits are detrimental in terms of transmission efficiency, this paper investigates the importance of the frozen bits and the possibility of being replaced by other protected bits via a concatenation with other outer channel coding schemes. We evaluate the impact of frozen bits to the capability of error correction of original Polar codes (OPC) and the concatenated Polar codes (CPC) in short block-length in terms of bit-error-rate (BER) performances. Repetition codes are used as outer channel encoder prior to the Polar codes and are divided into two schemes, i.e., (i) irregular repetition-CPC (IR-CPC) codes and (ii) regular repetition-CPC (RR-CPC) codes. We evaluate BER performances using computer simulations based on Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) with the modulation of Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and frequency-flat Rayleigh Fading channels. We found that the OPC is better than the IR-CPC codes or RR-CPC codes for the same channel coding rate and block-length. This finding indicates that the frozen bits in OPC has strong contribution to the error correction capability of the Polar codes and may not be replaced by other bits even though the bits are protected by other channel coding schemes.
The source of phosphorus and potassium for plants, which commonly from inorganic fertilizer, can be replaced by other sources such as Guano and K2CO3. Guano is organic material rich in P and other soil nutrients, which has the function as well as rock phosphate. Furthermore, potassium carbonate (K2CO3) has 56% of K, higher than KCl, which only has 52% so it has potential as a source of K for plants. This study aimed to find out the dose of Guano and K2CO3 as an alternative of P and K fertilizer on soil potential-P, potential-K, and soil reaction (pH). The experiment was conducted at Situgede Garut – West Java with an altitude of 1,200 m above sea level with soil reaction 6.05. The experiment was conducted from April to July 2018. The method used was a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and three replications. The experiment result showed the value of soil potential-P (P2O5 HCl 25%) and potential-K (K2O HCl 25%) due to treatment of Guano and K2CO3 statistically no difference to with treatment of NPK standard. Therefore, K2CO3 and guano have potentially been used as a fertilizer compound.
Ikan sidat merupakan ikan ekonomis penting di pasar internasional yang sedang dikembangkan untuk ekspor di Indonesia. Salah satu masalah yang sering dialami oleh pembudidaya sidat adalah kualitas air yang buruk dan limbah budidaya yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian pada ikan sidat yang dipelihara. Untuk mempertahankan kualitas air dalam kondisi optimum digunakan mikroba pendegradasi limbah dari sisa buangan pakan dan feses. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air yaitu amonia, nitrit, dan nitrat pada media pemeliharaan glass eel yang diberi mikroba dari jenis Nitrobacter sp. dan Bacillus sp. sebagai kandidat probiotik. Metode yang digunakan adalah prosedur Laboratorium Uji Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan (BRPBATPP) Bogor yang sudah terakreditasi ISO/IEC 17025:2017 oleh KAN. Adapun SNI yang digunakan adalah: SNI 06-6989.9-2004 (amonia); SNI 06-6989.9-2004 (nitrit); dan SNI 6989.79:2011 (nitrat). Hasil analisis kualitas air dengan teknik eksitu diperoleh konsentrasi nitrit sebesar 0,03 mg/L pada perlakuan Nitrobacter sp. sedangkan nitrat sebesar 4,5 mg/L pada perlakuan Bacillus sp. dan amonia sebesar 0,003 mg/L. Kondisi ini masih sangat layak untuk pemeliharaan glass eel di indoor hatchery.
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