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Fresh tomatoes were cut, fortified with 25 ppm (micrograms/g) of parathion (0,0-diethyl 0-4-nitrophenylphosphorothioate) and processed into either juice or ketchup. Tomato juice was canned, while ketchup was placed in bottles. All samples were stored at room temperature for analysis at two-monthly intervals. Parathion residues were measured quantitatively by GLC, while the two metabolites, aminoparathion (0,0-diethyl 0-4-aminophenylphosphorothioate) and 4-nitrophenol, were determined colorimetrically. The presence of the three compounds was confirmed qualitatively by TLC. Blanching of tomatoes resulted in about 50% reduction of parathion level. Pulping of fruits caused a further decrease in parathion residues in juice as a result of its sorption and concentration in the semi-solid pulp. About 85% of parathion added to tomatoes was lost during the processing steps. Storage of juice resulted in a gradual decrease in parathion levels, whereby only 1.7% of the original amount was detected after six months of storage. The compound was stable in ketchup for the first four months of storage but decreased thereafter to almost 7% of the original quantity added to fruits. Aminoparathion and 4-nitrophenol were detected in low levels.

Effects of various elevated heating temperatures on mechanical properties of normal concrete containing recycled tire rubber as a fine aggregate (RTRFA) has been investigated in this paper. Five different concrete mixes were prepared in the laboratory. In each mix Ordinary Portland Cement, natural coarse and fine aggregate, water and RTRFA are used with fine aggregate replacement ratios (0%, 6%, 12%, 18% and 24%) by weight. In the laboratory, 60 cylindrical specimens (100mm diameter × 200mm high) and 60 cubic specimens (150×150×150mm 3) were prepared. The concrete specimens were exposed to four different heating temperatures: Control (Not heated), 200, 400, and 600°C, and tested according to British standards to observe the postheating mechanical properties. These properties included density and mass loss, split tensile strength and compressive strength. The results showed a linear decrease in compressive strength with higher temperature degrees and percent replacement of fine aggregate by RTRFA. Moreover, the concrete's tensile strength fluctuated as it increased at 6% of rubber replacement then linearly declined at further replacement rates. Finally, some crucial conclusions of heating rubberized concrete have been drawn.

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In this study, effects of high blazing temperature with varied time durations on mechanical behavior of normal concrete containing recycled tire rubber as a fine aggregate (RTRFA) have been presented. RTRFA is used as a partial replacement of natural fine aggregate to make rubberized concrete. Generally, concrete used in structural members must satisfy fire resistance requirements in building codes. Therefore, this paper aims at studying the performance of the rubberized concrete prior and after its exposure to fire in accordance with ISO 834 curve for firing. It has been stipulated that the presence of tire rubber particles is mostly for the consideration of environment safeguard. In this investigation, five different concrete mixes were prepared with Ordinary Portland Cement, natural fine and coarse aggregate, with fine aggregate replacement ratios (0%, 6%, 12%, 18% and 24%) by weight. From these mixes, 60 cylindrical specimens (100mm diameter × 200mm high) and 60 cubic specimens (150mm×150mm×150mm) were prepared. These concrete specimens were divided into four groups, consisting of 15 cubes and 15 cylinders each. The first group   (so called “control”) were tested without exposing it to fire and the remaining three groups were separately subjected to fire for three different time periods vis. (20, 40 and 60 minutes) in a furnace fabricated according to ASTM E119. Then the concrete specimens were tested to observe the post-fire mechanical properties including split tensile strength, compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The results of time-temperature curves, slump, fresh density, hardened density, percent-mass loss, compressive strength, split tensile strength of all the mixes are presented. The results showed that both the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete mixes decreased with higher percentage replacement of fine aggregate by RTRFA before and after exposure to fire. Moreover, longer time of fire duration or higher replacement ratios leads to further strength reduction of compressive and split tensile strengths. Additionally, it was found that the usage of ultrasonic pulse velocity for concrete samples containing more than 6% of RTRFA as a replacement of sand gives unreasonable measurements. Finally, statistical equations were derived to predict these properties of concrete with RTRFA replacements.