Objectives: To compare the outcome of nebulized epinephrine versus salbutamol for the management of children presenting with bronchiolitis. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad. Period: 6 month (1st October, 2016 to 1st April, 2017). Material & Methods: Children fulfilled selection criteria were enrolled. Then patients were randomly divided in two groups by using lottery method. In Group A, children received salbutamol. In group B, children received nebulized adrenaline. After 48 hours, children were evaluated for heart rate, respiratory rates, oxygen saturation and Respiratory Distress Assessment Index (RDAI) score. All the information was collected using proforma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of children was 10.45±6.70 months in epinephrine group and13.07±6.28 months in salbutamol group. There were 29 (52.7%) males & 26 (47.3%) females in both groups. After 48 hours, mean heart rate was 122.58±4.75bpm with epinephrine while 127.87±4.4.44bpm with salbutamol. Mean respiratory rate was 35.16±3.29bpm with epinephrine while 39.84±3.32bpm with salbutamol. Mean RDAI score was 8.35±1.36 with epinephrine while 10.07±1.37 with salbutamol. Mean oxygen saturation was 85.24±2.74% with epinephrine while 80.38±3.26% with salbutamol. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thus the nebulized epinephrine was found to be more effective in maintaining heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and RDAI score of children as compared to salbutamol.
SARS-CoV-2 is a causative agent for COVI-19 disease, initially reported from Wuhan, China. Infected Patients experienced mild to severe symptoms, resulting in several fatalities due to a weak understanding of its pathogenesis, which is the same even to date. This cross-sectional study has been designed on four hundred and fifty-two symptomatic, mild-to-moderate, and severe/critical patients to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with their comorbidities and response to treatment. The mean age of studied patients was (58±14.42) years, and the overall male to female ratio was 61.7 to 38.2%, respectively. 27.3% of the patients had a history of exposure, 11.9% travel history, while for 60% of patients, the source of infection was unknown. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in ICU patients were dry coughs, myalgias, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal discomfort, and abnormal Chest X-ray (p<0.001), along with the high percentage of hypertension (p=0.007) and COPD (p=0.029) as leading comorbidities. Complete Blood Counts indicators were significantly increased in severe patients, while the Coagulation Profile and D-dimer values were significantly higher in mild-to-moderate (non-ICU) patients (p < 0.001). Serum Creatinine (1.22 umole L-1; p = 0.016) and LDH (619 umol L-1; p < 0.001) indicators were significantly high in non-ICU patients while, raised values of Total Bilirubin (0.91 umol L-1; p = 0.054), CRP (84.68 mg L-1; p = 0.001) and Ferritin (996.81 mg L-1; p < 0.001) were found in ICU patients. Drug Dexamethasone was the leading prescribed and administrated medicine to the COVID-19 patients, followed by Remdesivir, Meropenem, Heparin, and Tocilizumab, respectively. A characteristic pattern of Ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, and interlobular septal thickening were prominent in severely infected patients. These findings could be used for future research, control, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
Although most interventional cardiologists favor radial artery (RA) access because to its ergonomic practicality, data on distal artery (DRA) access with relation to RA patency has not been compared in major trials. Objective: To compare the access feasibility of distal radial artery vs Forearm radial artery for cardiac catheterization operations. Methods: A cross sectional study of total of 198 patients undergoing radial coronary operations were monitored for radial artery occlusion (RAO) and other local problems with DRA and FRA access. Purposive sampling was performed. The inclusion criteria include all participants who had a palpable distal or proximal radial pulse. The patient was free to choose between the two approaches. Patients having an inappropriate radial pulse were eliminated. Results: The main objective was fulfilled by 11.7% in the FRA and 10.4% in the DRA group (p-value=0.24). Cannulation time was greater in the DRA group compared to the FRA group; however, this had no effect on hemostasis time (254 20 vs. 254 17; p-value=0.72). Hematoma (26.4% vs. 12.5%; OR (95% CI): 3.18 (1.09–5.63); p-value 0.001) was more prevalent with FRA, while radial artery spasm (18.6 % vs. 22.9 %; OR (95 % CI): 0.53 (0.03 – 0.95); p-value=0.01). Conclusions: When compared to Forearm Radial Artery access, Distal Radial Artery access is linked with poorer cannulation success rates and greater RAO rates. It is, however, linked to the production of lower hematomas
Objective: To compare the efficacy of short course versus standard course oral co-trimoxazole in the management of children presenting with lower urinary tract infections. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Paediatric, Federal Government Polyclinic, Islamabad. Period: 6 months from January 2017 to June 2017. Material & Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to two therapy groups by lottery method i.e. oral co-trimoxamole for 3 days (Group A) and oral co-trimoxazole for 10 days (Group B). The antibiotic course was started according to child weight and stopped after 3 and 10 days according to study group allocation. The patients were followed up after 7 days in the short course group and 10 days in the standard therapy group to assess for clinical resolution of UTI. The outcome was noted as clinical cure or relapse/recurrence of UTI. The children with recurrence were sent home after change of therapy to next generation of antibiotic therapy and in case of severe condition, patient was admitted for parenteral therapy. Results: In this study efficacy of short course was seen in 41(85.4%) patients while patients who were given standard course among they m efficacy was seen in only 14(29.2%) patients only. Efficacy of short course treatment was significantly higher as that of that of standard course i.e. p-value=0.000. Efficacy of both treatment regimens was seen in terms of age, gender and duration of symptoms. Stratification of these variables showed that short course efficacy was significantly higher as that of standard course for all these stratified variables. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated that short course of oral co-trimoxazole is more effective than standard course in the management of children presenting with lower urinary tract infections. However short course is not only beneficial in terms of cost as well as it cures in a short time span and minimal side effects.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.