The biggest case of death in 2018 is caused by lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is most common. One of the cause lung cancer is the over expression of EGFR. Erlotinib is the first line of anticancer for NSCLC with EGFR mutations. However, erlotinib can cause side effects such as liver damage therefore new safe anticancer is needed. Trigonelline is an alkaloid compound from coffee beans that had anticancer activity in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting Nrf2 in vitro and in vivo at concentrations of 0.1-1 µM. Development of cancer cells by Nrf2 is regulated by EGFR. In this study screening and modification of trigonelline structure was carried out to obtain compounds that have anticancer activity on NSCLC against EGFR computationally. The research procedures carried out are modification of ten trigonelline derived structures, the molecular docking and prediction of physicochemical profiles from trigonelline and its modification also their ADMET. Based on results, KF9 has the lowest free energy of binding which was -8,88 kcal/mol and binds to Met769 which has biological activity with receptor. KF9 has good physiochemical profile and absorption, distribution, also toxicity parameters. KF9 has potential to become a new anticancer drug for NSCLC.Keywords: Coffee, Drug discovery and Drug development, Molecular structure modification, Nonsmall cell lung cancer, Trigonelline

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae used as a large-scale organic waste bioreduction agent with ability reduce organic waste up to 200 tons per day. The potency of BSF larvae to process organic waste was related to the function of phisiology, microbial and biochemical processes. The gut extracts had high amylase, lipase and protease activities. α-amylase is one of the important enzyme in development of biotechnology and belongs to the main enzyme class on the world enzyme market. α-amylase used to replace chemical hydrolysis process in starch processing industry. α-amylase from microorganism was more prospective than plant and animal amylase, because it was more easily manipulated to produces targetted enzymes, characteristics and more economical. The purpose of this study was to isolate bacteria producing α-amylase from BSF larvae. The research method was extracted of 200 BSF larvae in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Homogenate was isolated in Lysogeny Broth (LB) by serial dilution and fourway strick. Each culture was screened based on the activity of α-amylase by Fuwa method. The results of isolation obtained 8 single colonies bacteria. The α-amylase activity assay for Fuwa method obtained the highest α-amylase activity unit was 10.86 units/ml, produced by the 8th colony.

This experiment aimed to screen some cellulose- and lignin-degrading fungal species for improving nutritive quality of ruminant feed. Fungal species used were Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Trametes visicolor. These fungal species were grown on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium that added with 0.5 g substrate, i.e. either rice straw, rice bran or carboxymethyl cellulose for 12 days at room temperature. Harvesting was performed in order to separate fungal mycelium and supernatant that contained crude cellulase enzyme. Among the fungi observed, Ganoderma lucidum had the highest cellulase activity, i.e. 4.02 U/mg. Cellulase activities of Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Trametes visicolor were 1.53, 1.08, and 0.13 U/mg, respectively. Ganoderma lucidum was further investigated for its ligninolytic enzyme activity, i.e. laccase and manganese peroxidase. It was observed that the fungi had laccase and manganese peroxidase activities of 368.95 and 33.89 U/mL, respectively. Crude enzymes of Ganoderma lucidum that contain cellulase, laccase and manganese peroxidase were further used to increase nutritive quality of rice straw and subjected to in vitro incubation with rumen fluid of cattle.

The objectives of this research was 1) to measure the development of mouth opening width and 2) to analyze the digestive enzyme activities. The research was conducted from April to November 2017 in the Hatchery Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau. The results showed that the increase of mouth opening and the rate of gut evacuation of sheatfish larvae was due to the increase of digestive enzyme activities and feed consumption rate.