Infectious diseases are one of the top ten causes of death in the world. Antibiotic therapy is administered for infectious diseases, but if bacteria are exposed to antibiotics continuously, then the bacteria are able to adapt to the medication, thereby resulting in antibiotic resistance. This condition results in an increase in mortality, long hospitalization period, and increased cost of antibiotic therapy and health services. Adherence to using antibiotics may be influenced by knowledge and beliefs about them. This study aimed to understand correlation between knowledge and belief with adherence to antibiotic use at a private hospital in Sidoarjo. This cross-sectional study, the data collected in three months period, was conducted with a questionnaire for assessment knowledge and belief. A pill count method was applied for assessment adherence to using antibiotics prescribed by doctors. The study results show that knowledge of the respondents was adequate for 76 people (69.7%), belief was adequate for 74 people (67.9%), and adherence to antibiotic use for 79 people (72%). Regression analysis showed that the variable that significantly influenced the adherence of patients in using antibiotics was perceived threat (p-value = 0,029). Sex, age, education, income, occupation, and marital status have no contribution to antibiotic knowledge, belief, and adherence.

ABSTRAK Di tahun 2020 awal, Corona virus jenis baru (SARS-CoV-2) yang menyebabkan penyakit yang disebut Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) menjadi masalah global. Asal mula virus jenis beru ini dari Wuhan, Tiongkok. SARS-CoV-2 ditemukan pada akhir Desember tahun 2019. Sampai tanggal 1 Maret 2020 sudah dipastikan 65 negara termasuk Indonesia telah terjangkit virus ini. Perlu adanya terapi pada masyarakat yang dinyatakan positif COVID-19 untuk menekan angka case fatality rate (CFR). Metode Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa konseling terhadap pelanggan apotek menggunakan media leaflet. Terdapat pengingkatan pengetahuan tentang obat klorokuin dan bahaya efek covid-19 (p<0,05). Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Klorokuin, Covid-19, Apotek Sultan ABSTRACT In early 2020, a new type of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes a disease called Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a global problem. The origin of this new type of virus is from Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 was discovered at the end of December 2019. As of March 1, 2020, it has been confirmed that 65 countries including Indonesia have contracted this virus. There is a need for therapy for people who have tested positive for COVID-19 to reduce the case fatality rate (CFR). Method The activities were carried out in the form of counseling to pharmacy customers using leaflet media. There is an increase in knowledge about the drug chloroquine and the dangers of the effects of covid-19. Keywords: Knowledge, Chloroquine, Covid-19, Sultan Pharmacy

Sibutramine Hydrochloride is a weight loss drug, a group of strong drugs that can only be obtained and can only be used based on a doctor's prescription because it can increase blood pressure. Sibutramine HCl is absolutely not allowed to be found in slimming herbs in accordance with the regulation of the Indonesian POM No. KH.00.01.43.2773/2008 concerning traditional medicine containing BKO. The identification chosen in this study used the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method, to determine the presence or absence of the addition of medicinal chemicals (BKO) in slimming herbs. Sibutramine HCl analysis was carried out qualitatively using the mobile phase of TLC, namely (acetone: chloroform). From the results of the study, obtained 3 out of 4 samples of slimming herbs containing the drug chemical sibutramine hcl with an Rf value of 0.77 There are 75% slimming herbs sold in Pasar Besar, Malang City which contain BKO Sibutramine HCl. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and inspect traditional medicine traders by the Malang City Health Service and BPOM on a regular basis to avoid the use of BKO in slimming herbs sold in the Pasar Besar area, Malang City.

Background: Bacillus subtillis bacteria can cause meningitis, endocarditis, and eye infections, while Enterococcus can cause meningitis in neonates and endocarditis in adults. Therefore, it is important to use hand sanitiser to avoid bacterial infections. Eucalyptus is an essential oil-producing plant that can inhibit growth and kill bacteria with its compounds, namely linalool and pinocarveol. Purpose: To make a good eucalyptus oil hand sanitiser and test its effectiveness against Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Method: Making transparent hand sanitiser with a mixture of eucalyptus oil extract. Physical, chemical and antibacterial tests on Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis. Results: The hand sanitiser preparation obtained an acidity of 7, with a specific gravity of 0.8512 g/ml, and a viscosity of 4.14 cP and the cleaning power of Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis was 99.9%. Conclusion: Eucalyptus oil extract hand sanitiser is of good quality and effectively kills Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria.