Latar belakang: Kebisingan merupakan bunyi yang memiliki intensitas di atas batas normal dan dapat mengganggu kesehatan pada orang yang terpapar. Paparan kebisingan terjadi dalam proses produksi pada industri pabrik kayu, sehingga pekerja menjadi pihak utama yang terdampak. Dampak yang terjadi utamanya pada sistem kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebisingan terhadap tekanan darah dan denyut nadi pada pekerja pabrik kayu PT. Muroco Jember.   Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Responden penelitian berjumlah 24 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Pengukuran kebisingan menggunakan alat sound level meter. Pengumpulan data karakteristik pekerja menggunakan kuesioner. Responden penelitian diukur sebelum dan setelah bekerja, dengan menggunakan sphygmomanometer air raksa untuk tekanan darah dan penghitungan manual denyut nadi pada arteri brachialis. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparasi paired t-test pada level signifikansi 5%.  Hasil: Intensitas kebisingan dari 4 sektor kerja menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Intensitas kebisingan terendah pada sektor produksi A yaitu 82,9 dB(A), sedangkan tertinggi pada sektor sawmill B yaitu 98,1 dB(A). Sebagian besar responden (66,7%) berusia 29-40 tahun dengan masa kerja responden (62,5%) kurang dari 2 tahun. Sebanyak 91,7% responden tidak memakai APT pada saat bekerja. Berdasarkan uji komparasi paired t-test, didapatkan pengaruh paparan kebisingan akut antara sebelum dan setelah bekerja terhadap tekanan darah sistolik (p= <0,001), diastolik (p=0,049), dan denyut nadi (p=0,020).Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, denyut nadi antara sebelum dan setelah bekerja dalam paparan kebisingan akut pada pekerja pabrik kayu PT. Muroco Jember. Diperlukan penelitian dengan mengendalikan variabel lain yang mengganggu untuk kesempurnaan penelitian selanjutnya. ABSTRACT Title: The Effect of Noise on Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate in Workers at PT. Muroco Jember Wood FactoryBackground: Noise is a sound that has an intensity above the normal limit and may interfere with the health of the exposed person. Exposure to noise often occurs in the production process at the wood processing factory, so that workers become the main person affected. The impact mainly occurs in cardiovascular system. This study aims to analyze the effect of noise on blood pressure and pulse rate in workers at PT. Muroco Jember wood factory.Method: This is an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. The respondents amounted to 24 people taken with total sampling technique. The measurement of noise intensity was using sound level meter. Data collecting of worker characteristics was using questionnaires. Respondents were measured before and after work, using a mercury sphygmomanometer for blood pressure and manual palpation of pulse rate in the brachial artery. Data was analyzed with paired t-test comparative at 5% significance level.Result: The noise intensity of 4 sectors of the factory showed diverse results. The lowest noise intensity is in production sector A, 82.9 dB (A), while the highest is in sawmill B sector, 98.1 dB (A). Most of the respondents (66.7%) were 29-40 years old with respondents working period (62.5%) were less than 2 years. As many as 91.7% of respondents did not use ear protection device while working. Based on paired t-test, there was an effect of acute exposure between before and after working on systolic blood pressure (p < 0,001), diastolic (p = 0.049), and pulse rate (p = 0.020)Conclusion: There was a significant increase in systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate between before and after work in an acute noise exposure in worker at PT. Muroco Jember wood factory. Further research is required by controlling other disturbing variables for a better research.

Also in chronic ligamentous mallet finger, conservative therapy should be attempted before an operation, irrespective of the initial extension deficit, especially because the stress and the therapy risk for the patient with this therapy is small.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the occupational diseases caused by non-ergonomic conditions. The global point prevalence of LBP which limits activity in 2015 was 7.3%. This figure shows that in one time there were 540 million people who experienced LBP. As many as 90% of cases of low back pain are not caused by organic abnormalities but by errors in body position at work. Risk factors that have the potential to cause complaints include age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking habits, work period, poor work posture, and standing or sitting too long. This study aims to determine the relationship between duration of sitting and risk of work posture with the level of LBP complaints in Jember University library employees. The type of research used was analytic observational with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique is done by total sampling. The research samples were University Library staff in Jember who experienced LBP complaints and in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The sample size was 22 respondents. The instruments of this study were respondent characteristics questionnaire sheets, LBP screening sheets, and Modified Quick Exposure Check (QEC) assessment sheets. Bivariate analysis using the gamma correlation test. The results of the bivariate analysis between duration of sitting and LBP complaint rates obtained p = 0.827. The results of the bivariate analysis between the risk of work posture and LBP complaints were obtained p = 0.916. The two results of the analysis indicate that there is no significant relationship between the duration of sitting and the risk of work posture with the level of LBP complaints in Jember University library employees. Keywords: low back pain, duration of sitting, work posture, library staff

The past epidemiologic studies did not have definite explanation about the effect of consuming Mefenamic Acid on Longitudinal Bone Development. The aim of this study is to explain the effect of Mefenamic Acid on Longitudinal Bone Development. The design of this study was the Separate pretest, Posttest Only Control Group Design using 40 male wistar strain rats and divided into four groups. They consists of one pretest group, one control group and two treatment groups. The treatment groups were given mefenamic acid orally in the dose of 27 mg/200 g BW/day, and 54 mg/200 g BW/day which were dissolved in 2 ml of distilled water. After 4 weeks, the length of femur, length of growth plate and number of longitudinal cell of growth plate are noticed. The result was showed in all of experimental animals had a significant difference to control groups (p<0.05). Pair wise comparisons showed that significant difference (p<0.05) occurred in all of groups except between mefenamic acid 27 mg and mefenamic acid 54 mg that not significant difference. This study show that mefenamic acid treatment cause decrease of femur length, decrease of growth plate length and decrease number of growth plate cell. Keywords: mefenamic acid, chondrocyte, growth plate

Dark chocolate contains two derivates of metilxantin, I.e. caffeine (1,3,7-trimetilxantin) and theobromine (3,7 dimetilxantin). Theobromine can be found in plasma. Theobromine concentration in plasma determined not only by drug dosage but also by pharmacokinetic parameters. This research aimed to determine pharmacokinetic parameters by using HPLC (High Performace Liquid Chromatography) method. This study used Quasi Experimental Design by using 16 plasma samples collected at the 0, 1.5, 3, 6, 10, 24 hours. The pharmacokinetic parameter calculations were obtained from the polynomial curve and linear curve of drug concentration in plasma by time. The maximum concentration (Cmax) theobromine on plasma after consumption of dark chocolate bar per oral was 4.173 mg/L. The maximum time (Tmax) was at the 2.501 hours. The half time (t½) theobromine was 4.880 hours. Theobromine clearance in plasma was 14.2 ml/kg/hour. The study has reported pharmacokinetic parameters of theobromine in plasma after eating dark chocolate bars orally.   Keywords: Chocolate, half-time, maximum concentration, maximum time, theobromine