Land surface water bodies, an essential part of the Earth's water cycle such as rivers, lakes, swamp, and reservoirs, influence the global ecosystem and climate global significantly. Makassar, one of the most populated cities in Indonesia, recently experiences massive development that affects the existence of vegetation area and urban aquatic ecosystem. This study attempts to detect the urban surface water bodies and to monitor the change by using Landsat OLI TIRS. In order to extract the high accuracy of data, the image data utilized in this study was acquired by Landsat 8 OLI TIRS sensor on (USGS) portal analyzed by Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). These methods are scientifically used to classify the data into two categories consisted of water and non-water objects. The result shows that in the last nine years, urban surface water bodies increased around 129.8 ha distributed mostly in Manggala area. Due to rapid urban development such as housing, makes the urban runoff concentrating in low land and creates giant swamp as well as an urban wetland. In coastal areas however decline of the water body due to dominantly by massive reclamation, housing and factory settlement. The increase of urban surface water bodies can lower the urban heat while massive development in the built-up area can worsen the urban heat. Keywords-Landsat OLI TIRS; urban water bodies; water index; urban heat.

The development success promoted by an area depends on the size of the obstacles of crime. Society must have been veryfamiliar with the figure of a group of teenagers who called himself a motorcycle gang. They like artists who are and are always rising inthe art of crime. They regard evil as the beauty of their loyalty to fellow motorcycle gang members. Solidarity, more intimate friendshipis considered harmful by society. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is a relationship between the level of crime withthe density and the number of people living in a particular area in Makassar. By using survey method and data collection technique thatis snowball sampling, then for analysis of distribution pattern of hotspot criminal using ArcGIS software aid with Density Mappingmethod, while to see spatial relationship pattern of criminality to the amount and population density using SPSS software and overlaymethod. The results show that the design of distribution of criminal hotspots in 2015 and 2016 with the design of hotspots clusters thatspread in areas of high and medium population density. Then there is a significant relationship between population density and criminalhotspots. In 2015, the distribution pattern of crime hotspots concentrated in areas with high population density, but by 2016 thedistribution pattern of crime hotspots spread evenly not only in high population density areas but has spread to the medium populationdensity area.

Makassar is one of the metropolitan cities located in Indonesia which recently experiences massive an increased construction because of population growth. Mapping the spatial distribution and development of the built-up region is the best method that can use as an indicator to set the urban planning policy. The purpose of this study is to identify changes in land use and density in Makassar City that occurred in 2013 and 2017 primarily for built areas, including settlements using optical data, especially Landsat data. The data analyzed by using multi-temporal Landsat OLI 8 data taken from 2013 to 2017. Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI), Urban Index (UI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are the spectral indices produced from Landsat OLI band covering Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) wavelength, visible Red (R) and Near Infrared (NIR) areas that can be revealed by examining changes in land use and area cover. The result shows that both spectral indices namely NDBI and UI indicate an increased built-up area approximately 18 and 6%, respectively over four years. Also, based on NDBI reveals that most an increased built-up area distributes in the north of Makassar (Biringkanaya sub-district), meanwhile UI shows that Biringkanaya and Manggala sub-districts experience an increased built-up area. The development of the city will also never be separated from the history of city growth, current conditions, and the growth of the town to come. The phenomenon of the development of the town will include the development of city elements in detail, aspects of the shape of the town and the development of city regulations.

Information technology literacy highpoints the individual reputation in adaptation to searching and accessing information effectively. A lecturer needs to find the required information, evaluate and use information literacy wisely. This research applied a case study using online questionnaire. The main instrument in this study was based on the Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) standard entails that research subjects are expected to find out more than just how to obtain information. Research subjects also understand the limitations of data usage, and they know how to organize the information. This study explores the impact of lecturers' literacy on information technology and research results in the International Journal. The lecturers' literacy on information technology was described and interpreted by finding out the highest frequency linked with the publication of research results conducted through previous literature studies. Lecturers' literacy on information technology in this study is concluded as good. Informants can determine the nature and scope of the information needed. Research subjects have sufficient skills in accessing the required information effectively and efficiently. Research subjects understand the importance of critically evaluating information and its sources and incorporating selected information into a knowledge base and value system. Individually or as members of a group, informants can use information effectively to fulfill certain objectives. The researchers recommend that senior lecturers investigate and build stronger information literacy skills in order to improve the amount and quality of research results published.

The commitment to environmental improvement through education has been included in the agenda this century. One formulation state that education plays an essential role in achieving a shared vision of realizing sustainable development. The specific steps are taken from Agenda 21 formulated in Education for Sustainable Development. The specific objectives to achieve from this research are as follows 1) Identifying the effect of environmental education on environmentally friendly attitudes of students; 2) Identifying the effect of environmental education on environmentally friendly behavior of students. The number of samples used in the study was 216 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). From the results obtained for the energy conservation variable, the behavior towards conservation shows that there is still a lack of students conserving energy in their daily lives. An attitude of caring for the environment is a willingness that arises from internal encouragement to declare caring action for the environment, improve or maintain the environment's quality. Environmental care is intended as a change in the behavior of learning outcomes shown through understanding, experience, and mental readiness of students in applying the knowledge they learn through social processes to respond consistently to particular objects in a direction that supports or rejects and agrees or disagrees with an object.