Objective: To assess the immune expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear protein63 (p63) proteins in metaplastic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with basal-like and non-basal-like types based on age.Methods: Forty samples of breast cancer patients diagnosed with TNBC were examined immune histochemical based on the immune expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear p63 with basal-like (CK 5/6, positive) and non-basal-like (CK 5/6 negative) types. The histoscore values were categorized into Score 1 (<20%, negative), Score 2 (>20% -50%, weak positive), Score 3 (>50% -80%, moderate positive), and Score 4 (>80 %, strong positive) also analyzed by one-way analysis variance, probability (p<0.05), and correlation (p<0.01).Results: Forty subjects with breast cancer showed 23 of basal-like (57.5%) and 17 of non-basal-like (42.5%) types. The cytoplasmic p63 had a low histoscores in the group of < 40-49 years old (55%), the moderate group of 40-55 years old (27.5%), and the high group of fewer than 50-60 years old (17.5%). The nuclear p63 was low in all age groups (p<0.05). It was the significant difference between basal-like and non-basal-like types (p<0.01) and strongest correlation (1.00). The immunoexpression of cytoplasmic p63 of basal-like cell type had an intensity of 88.2%, while nuclear p63 possessed 11.8% (p<0.05). Conclusion:The frequency of cytoplasm p63 in all age groups of metaplastic breast cancer of basal-like type was more dominant than the nuclear p63. Otherwise, in the non-basal-like type, the cytoplasmic p63 protein was lower than the of nuclear p63 protein.

Objectives: This study will examine the expression of caspase-3 and apoptotic index (AI) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). By knowing the non-responsiveness effect earlier, adverse effects of chemotherapy can be avoided.Methods: This prospective cohort study has been approved by the local Ethics Committee. A total of 60 consent TNBC patients from Haji Adam Malik General Hospital and Bunda Thamrin Hospital were included in the study. Patients with heart, kidney, liver disease, history of surgery, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy were excluded. Samples were analyzed immunohistochemically by monoclonal antibodies to assess caspase 3 and AI. Clinical chemotherapy response is determined as a positive or negative response based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.Results: The results of this study indicated that caspase 3 was increased post-chemotherapy but could not predict the clinical response of chemotherapy. Caspase-3 post-chemotherapy (5.27±1.27 pg/mL) compared to pre-chemotherapy (4.60±1.09 pg/mL) increased significantly (p=0.003) by 0.67±1.66 pg/mL but no difference was found in AI score (p=0.819). Neither caspase 3 nor the AI were associated with a clinical chemotherapy response (p=0.514 and p=0.993, subsequently).Conclusion: Further research with larger samples is needed to determine the role and pathway of chemotherapy induced caspase 3 rise.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is carcinoma arising from nasopharyngeal mucosa that shows light microscopic of squamous differentiation. Data from GLOBOCAN (Global Burden of Cancer) 2018, nasopharyngeal carcinoma ranks fifth based on the incidence of new cases from all malignancies in Indonesia. The high mortality rate indicates that NPC management through surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have not been completely satisfactory. Recently, Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor has developed which is an effective cancer immunotherapy. Abnormal expression of PD-L1 in various types of malignant tumors is associated with invasion, decreased T-lymphocyte infiltration, poor prognosis, and survival time.Objective: This study aimed to assess expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry staining in nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan 2018. Material and Method: This study is descriptive and cross-sectional, which enrolled 50 PD-L1 stained slides of NPC biopsy and assessed by Histo-score. Expression of PD-L1 negative is 0-99, and positive is 100-300. Result: From 50 specimens in this study, we found that NPC patients were dominated by men (72%), with mean age 46,5±13,1 years-old. Positive expression of PD-L1 staining are 23 (46%) specimens, and negative expression of PD-L1 staining are 27 (54%) specimens. Conclusion: Expression of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry staining in this study were found fewer positive expressions compared to negative expressions.

Objective: To assess the immune expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear protein63 (p63) proteins in metaplastic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with basal-like and non-basal-like types based on age.Methods: Forty samples of breast cancer patients diagnosed with TNBC were examined immune histochemical based on the immune expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear p63 with basal-like (CK 5/6, positive) and non-basal-like (CK 5/6 negative) types. The histoscore values were categorized into Score 1 (<20%, negative), Score 2 (>20% -50%, weak positive), Score 3 (>50% -80%, moderate positive), and Score 4 (>80 %, strong positive) also analyzed by one-way analysis variance, probability (p<0.05), and correlation (p<0.01).Results: Forty subjects with breast cancer showed 23 of basal-like (57.5%) and 17 of non-basal-like (42.5%) types. The cytoplasmic p63 had a low histoscores in the group of < 40-49 years old (55%), the moderate group of 40-55 years old (27.5%), and the high group of fewer than 50-60 years old (17.5%). The nuclear p63 was low in all age groups (p<0.05). It was the significant difference between basal-like and non-basal-like types (p<0.01) and strongest correlation (1.00). The immunoexpression of cytoplasmic p63 of basal-like cell type had an intensity of 88.2%, while nuclear p63 possessed 11.8% (p<0.05). Conclusion:The frequency of cytoplasm p63 in all age groups of metaplastic breast cancer of basal-like type was more dominant than the nuclear p63. Otherwise, in the non-basal-like type, the cytoplasmic p63 protein was lower than the of nuclear p63 protein.

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