Extrarenal Wilms' tumor (EWRT) is a rare entity, but primary bladder Wilm's tumor is even rarer with only 1 case reported. A 1-year old boy came with chronic urinary retention. Abdominal pelvic CT scan revealed intravesical mass arising from anterior bladder wall extending to the prostate and bladder neck. Initial cystoscopic diagnosis revealed chronic granuloma. We decided to perform partial cystectomy with final pathologic result of bladder Wilms' tumor. EWRT may occur in various organs, but primary bladder Wilms' tumor is extremely rare case.

This study aims to determine the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of MCF-7 and T47D cancer cells by ethanol extract of Chromolaena odorata leaves. A post-test with control group design was used in this study. The extract was made by maceration with 80%ethanol and the tested concentrations used were 7.80 µg/mL-500 µg/mL with standard drug doxorubicin ranged from 1.56 µg/mL-100 µg/mL.The growth inhibition was determined by the MTT colorimetry method, apoptosis induction by double staining using acridine orange-ethidiumbromide, and the existence of apoptosis was proven immunocytochemically through the expression of Bcl-2 proteins. The results showed that the growth inhibition of MCF-7 was 100.29%-28.19% and T47D was 100.37%-16.01%. The IC50 values of MCF-7 was 327.34 µg/mL and T47D was 135.16 µg/mL. The presence of apoptosis was marked by finding the morphological change of cells such as dead, necrosis, and chromatin condensation cells. This suggests that interventions with ethanol extract of Chromolaena odorata leaves can induce apoptosis that has been proven by reducing the expression of Bcl-2 proteins.

Background: Breast cancer chemotherapy with standard drugs such as doxorubicin will induce cardiotoxicity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of C. odorata leaves extract in DMBA induced breast cancer on rats. Methods: Seven groups of Rattus novergicus were used: Four treatment groups of C. odorata extract (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg BW), normal control, breast cancer control, and doxorubicin treatment group. The number, volume, and weight of the nodule and the rats’ body weight were compared among groups. Data was analyzed using paired t-test or one-way ANOVA with post hoc analysis as appropriate. Results: Significant decline of the number, volume, and weight of cancer nodules was observed in the treatment group (p < 0.001). The weight of the cancer nodule at week 16th was also significantly reduced in GCo2000 compared to Gdoxo (p < 0.0001). A significant increase in body weight was also dose-dependent, especially at week 11th (p < 0.05 in all comparisons) and week 16th (p < 0.001 in all comparisons). Conclusion: This study suggested that the ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves has anticancer and antiproliferative activity.

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Background: Using immunohistochemical stains to target specific breast cancer markers has become indispensable for evaluation of small diagnostic tissue specimens, and therefore novel marker cocktails for specific breast cancers are required. This study was conducted to assess the immunoexpression of P63 and SOX2 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and to evaluate the predictive diagnostic value of these markers for specific types of TNBC. Methods: Histological slides and paraffin blocks of TNBC cases were collected from Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia from 5-years period (2011-2015). Each histological slide was subjected to immunohistochemical staining for P63 (nucleus and cytoplasm) and SOX2 (nucleus), with specific primer antibodies. Immunoexpression of P63 and SOX2 was evaluated using immunoreactivity scoring. Associations between P63 and SOX2 immunoexpression and TNBC types were assessed using Mann Whitney tests. In addition, the predictive diagnostic values of these markers were assessed. Results: Forty TNBC histological slides were included, and 23 (57.5%) were Basal-like type TNBC and 17 (42.5%) were Non basal-like type TNBC. Immunoexpression of P63 nucleus and SOX2 was not different between types of TNBC. However, immunoexpression of P63 in the cytoplasm in Basal-like type TNBC was significantly higher than in Non basal-like type TNBC ( p=0.021). Predictor diagnostic value analysis suggested that immunoexpression of P63 in cytoplasm had 56.5% sensitivity and 70.6% specificity for diagnosing Basal-like type TNBC, with area under curve of 0.64.    Conclusions: Immunoexpression of P63 in the cytoplasm has a relatively weak diagnostic value to discriminate Basal-like and Non basal-like types of TNBC.