Artikel ini mendeskripsikan urgensi pelaksanaan program penalaran Islam Indonesia (PPII) sebagai penguatan materi PAI yang rahmatan lil ‘alamin dan gerakan kontra radikalisme di UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PPII membangun landasan keislaman berdasarkan Teologi Islam Kontekstual, Ekspresi Sufistik, Hukum Islam Kontesktual, Metodologi Hukum Islam, dan Genealogi Peradaban Islam Indonesia. Dengan demikian, perilaku Islam rahmatan lil ‘alamin, akhlaqul karimah, dan nalar keislaman dapat terinternalisasi ke dalam disiplin keilmuan yang dipelajari mahasiswa. Melihat geliat gerakan keagamaan Islam yang radikal semakin berani menampilkan diri di publik, PPII menempati peran penting dalam gerakan kontra radikalisme. Materi-materi dalam PPII sinergis dengan materi PAI dengan pendekatan penalaran rasional-empiris yang secara epistemologis identik dengan pendekatan Burhani.

Data declustering separates mainshocks from both foreshocks and aftershocks while a reliable estimate of completeness magnitude is a key point in seismic parameter determination. These play a role in seismicity-related work. In this preliminary study, we reported seismicity in two Indonesian provinces, namely NTB and NTT, as part of eastern Sunda Arc using the USGS catalogue during 1970-2021 based on performance of three declustering methods (Gardner and Knopoff, Reasenberg, Uhrhammer). These methods were tested along with three techniques of M c determination (MAXC, EMR, BC) provided by ZMAP to estimate minimum magnitude cut-offs, leading to an accurate completeness magnitude. After careful examination, the Reasenberg and BC techniques were proved to be suitable for characterising seismicity in the regions of interest, where M c was calculated under a linear assumption of the cumulative frequency-magnitude distribution (FMD), widely known as the Gutenberg-Richter law. The results revealed that b and a parameters are influenced by the choice of a specific declustering algorithm and calculation of M c. NTT was found to have a higher level of seismicity than NTB and seismicity rates in the southern part of both provinces were higher than those in the northern part. However, the number of strong ground motion with M w ≥ 6.5 in the northern area was larger than that in the southern, indicating the potency of Flores Back-arc Thrust for generating large earthquakes hence possible tsunamis.

A back-projection technique allows seismologists to analyse rupture properties once seismic signals from a dense array of seismic networks are available. The observed waveforms are then traced back in space and time to the source region of an earthquake under investigation. In this study, the method utilised the back-projection image of the recorded high-frequency P-seismic waveforms filtered at 0.25-1.0 Hz by Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) processing to estimate the extent and the spread of earthquake rupture propagation of the M w 7.5 Palu event on 28 September 2018, generating a severe tsunami. This study aims to estimate rupture duration, its extent (the distance over which rupture propagates) and the corresponding speed, and rupture directivity (where most of the seismic energy propagates). The results revealed that the front of rupture propagates slightly offset southward at about 2.9 km/s over a distance of ~140 km away from the epicentre for about 49 s before slowing down at much smaller amplitudes after reaching the south end of Palu Bay. This finding is consistent with an NNW-SSE orientation of the active Palu-Koro Fault lying along the bay, suggesting that the strong ground motion is associated with the fault activities. This study has therefore substantial implications for enhanced earthquake and tsunami early warnings, helping the government and local authority build community resilience by warning people at risk from future possible earthquake and tsunami hazards.

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The aim of this study is to determine earthquake rupture directivity and fault plane of the 28 September 2018 M w 7.5 event in Palu, Indonesia. The data used in the current study were all acquired from broadband seismograms recorded by a network of 56 seismic stations. The method included analysis of rupture duration, where T dur was calculated using the vertical component of P-waveforms downloaded from IRIS site at http://ds.iris.edu/wilber3/find_event. For all stations involved in the T dur calculations, the largest distance between the epicenter and the corresponding station was estimated to be 40° from the azimuth station. The direction of the rupture indicated fault plane geometry of the source. The rupture directivity was found to be at azimuth 179°, in good agreement with the Palu Koro Fault azimuth. The finding implies that the direction of the earthquake rupture passed below the sea surface of Palu Bay, which could be the main source of the tsunami.