ABSTRACT… Objectives:To determine the frequency of common bacterial isolates cultured from diabetic foot infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) falling in Wagner's grade-2 and grade-3 classification of diabetic foot (DF) infection. Study Design: Descriptive study. Period: A six months. Setting: Dow University of health sciences and civil hospital Karachi. Methods: Completed to examine the bacterial identification in cases admitted with the infection diabetic foot along with gave Wagner's evaluation 2 and 3 at tertiary care hospital Karachi. Bacteriological finding and anti-biotic affectability profiles were completed and analyzed with utilizing standard strategies. Results: Out of 115 cases, 82 (71%) were male and 23 (29%) were female. The mean age of patients was 51.7 ±9.45 years, mean duration of diabetes was 10.6 ± 4.73 years, similarly mean length of time of diabetes foot wound was 46.15±23.75 days. 45 (39%) patients had Wegner's evaluation 2 and 70 (61%) patients had Wagner's evaluation 3. 99 cases indicated with culture growth, out of which 65 (65.65%) with gram negative microbes and 25 (25.25%) gram-positive microbes. The most successive bacteria's were Proteus (35.35%), Staph. Aureus (25.25%), Klebsiella (16.16%) and Pseudomonas (15.15%). Both gram positive and gram negative showed frequent resistance to Cloxacillin, Amoxacillin, Levofloxacin, and Linezolid, gram negative life forms likewise indicated high resistance rate to Clindamycin, Vancomycin, and Cefotaxime. Tienam (Imipenem), Sulzone (salbactam in addition to cefoperazone) and Amikacin were the best effective against gram -ve and gram +vemicrobes. Staph. Aureus and Staph. Epidermidis were profoundly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Clindamycin, and Vancomycin. Conclusion: Gram negative microbes were more common than gram positive living beings. Proteus, Staph Aureus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most widely recognized microorganisms of DF infection. Tienam (Imipenem), Sulzone (salbactam in addition to cefoperazone), and Amikacin were best effective agents. Key words:Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic foot infection, Diabetic foot microbiology. Article Citation: Rahimoon AG, Alam MT, Talpur MS. Diabetic foot infection; frequency of microbes and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern at tertiary care hospital, Karachi.

`To find out the prevalence of antibody to HCV in serum of blood donorpopulation in our Community (Karachi). To estimate level of serum ALT in blood donors as possible marker of liverinfectivity and hence increasing awareness among the people about the prevention and spread of HCV in Communityand to give suggestions in the formulation of blood transfusion policies. Setting: At Microbiology Department, BasicMedical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi. Period: From September 2001 to January2002. Material and Methods: 150 subjects, consisting of volunteer blood donors and 50 subjects selected from healthypopulation who had never received or donated blood. Results: Among 150 blood donors, 07 subjects (4.66%) werefound to be anti HCV positive. Mean age of anti HCV positive donors was 32.85±7.35 years with male predominance.Conclusion: It is concluded that HCV is notorious for its infectivity, chronocity and complications. Hence HCV spreadshould be controlled by screening blood donors for anti HCV antibodies and observing Universal rules in medicalpractice.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of common bacterial isolates culturedfrom diabetic foot infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) falling in Wagner’sgrade-2 and grade-3 classification of diabetic foot (DF) infection. Study Design: Descriptivestudy. Period: A six months. Setting: Dow University of health sciences and civil hospital Karachi.Methods: Completed to examine the bacterial identification in cases admitted with the infectiondiabetic foot along with gave Wagner’s evaluation 2 and 3 at tertiary care hospital Karachi.Bacteriological finding and anti-biotic affectability profiles were completed and analyzed withutilizing standard strategies. Results: Out of 115 cases, 82 (71%) were male and 23 (29%) werefemale. The mean age of patients was 51.7 ±9.45 years, mean duration of diabetes was 10.6± 4.73 years, similarly mean length of time of diabetes foot wound was 46.15±23.75 days. 45(39%) patients had Wegner’s evaluation 2 and 70 (61%) patients had Wagner’s evaluation 3. 99cases indicated with culture growth, out of which 65 (65.65%) with gram negative microbes and25 (25.25%) gram-positive microbes. The most successive bacteria’s were Proteus (35.35%),Staph. Aureus (25.25%), Klebsiella (16.16%) and Pseudomonas (15.15%). Both gram positiveand gram negative showed frequent resistance to Cloxacillin, Amoxacillin, Levofloxacin, andLinezolid, gram negative life forms likewise indicated high resistance rate to Clindamycin,Vancomycin, and Cefotaxime. Tienam (Imipenem), Sulzone (salbactam in addition tocefoperazone) and Amikacin were the best effective against gram -ve and gram +vemicrobes.Staph. Aureus and Staph. Epidermidis were profoundly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone,Clindamycin, and Vancomycin. Conclusion: Gram negative microbes were more common thangram positive living beings. Proteus, Staph Aureus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosawere the most widely recognized microorganisms of DF infection. Tienam (Imipenem), Sulzone(salbactam in addition to cefoperazone), and Amikacin were best effective agents.

Objective: To determine the frequency of peri-pocedural myocardial infarction in patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing elective percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Methodology: This was a descriptive study conducted in the cardiac cath lab of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Karachi, Pakistan. Patients with stable obstructive coronary artery disease undergoing elective coronary angioplasty were included in this study. PMI was defined as a rise in troponin I above five times the upper limit of the normal range (the third universal definition of MI). Collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 19. Results: Among the total of 107 patients male predominance, 82.2% (88), was observed and mean ± SD age of the patients was 52.02 ± 9.10 years with a majority, 92(86.0%), of patients between 41 to 80 years of age. Peri-procedural myocardial infarction (PMI) was found in 16(15.0%) of the patients and PMI was observed to be independent of baseline risk profile and angiographic characteristics of the patients. While, based on criteria of troponin I above three times the upper limit of the normal range, PMI was observed in 22(20.6%) of the patients. Conclusion: High incidence of the post-procedural rise of troponin in our study population is alarming. Further studies are required to identify the cause and hence identifying measures to prevent PMI. Universal single definition is required worldwide in order to get uniform results. Keywords: Post PCI Myocardial Infarction, Coronary angioplasty, Third universal definition