Objective In the present study, the ability of posterior resin composite to repair aged bulk‐fill resin composite and vice versa were assessed by shear bond strength testing. Materials and Methods Resin composite substrates were aged and surfaces were abraded with abrasive papers, then bulk‐fill substrates were repaired with posterior resin composite and vice versa using different surface treatments (no surface treatment [control]; etching with 37% phosphoric acid [H3PO4] for 20 seconds; etching with 10% hydrofluoric acid [HF] for 20 seconds; etching with 37% H3PO4 for 20 seconds + adhesive application; etching with 10% HF for 20 seconds + adhesive application; adhesive application only). Shear bond strengths (SBS) were then measured and surface roughness values (Ra) were determined. Cohesive strengths of nonaged resin composites were measured and used as reference groups. Resin composite surfaces after acid etching were evaluated by SEM. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's LSD tests (P < .05). Results ANOVA showed that resin composite repair type did not affect SBS significantly (P = .850), while it showed that surface treatments significantly affected the SBS (P = .000). Only a combination of etching with 10% HF for 20 seconds with resin adhesive application provided similar SBS values with those of the positive control. Conclusions It was concluded that the aged bulk‐fill resin composite would be effectively repaired with conventional posterior resin composite or vice versa if proper repair protocol was deployed. Clinical Significance The combination of 10% HF etching and adhesive application would provide efficient repair strength when the aged bulk fill resin composite is repaired with conventional posterior resin composite or vice versa.
Conventional water wet-bonding technique has been advocated by many scientists, but the excess water will induce suboptimal polymerization of dental adhesives, phase separation, and nanoleakage, which will influence the longevity of resin-dentin interfaces. Recent studies have put forward a new concept, ethanol wet-bonding. This technique can increase in dentin bond durability. This review focuses on the principles of ethanol wet-bonding, its surface treatment methods.
Universal adhesives have been recently introduced for use as self-etch or etch-and-rinse adhesives depending on the dental substrate and clinical condition. However, their bonding effectiveness to laser-irradiated enamel is still not well-known. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of universal adhesives (Single Bond Universal; Nova Compo-B Plus) applied to Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated enamel with SBS of the same adhesives applied in self-etch and acid-etching modes, respectively. Crown segments of sixty bovine incisors were embedded into standardized acrylic blocks. Flattened enamel surfaces were prepared. Specimens were divided into six groups according to universal adhesives and application modes randomly (n = 10), as follows: Single Bond Universal/acid-etching mode; Nova Compo-B Plus/acid-etching mode; Single Bond Universal/self-etching mode; Nova Compo-B Plus/self-etching mode; and Single Bond Universal/Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-etching mode; Nova Compo-B Plus/Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-etching mode. After surface treatments, universal adhesives were applied onto surfaces. SBS was determined after storage in water for 24 h using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min . Failure modes were evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Data was analyzed using two-way of analyses of variances (ANOVA) (p = 0.05). Two-way ANOVA revealed that adhesive had no effect on SBS (p = 0.88), but application mode significantly influenced SBS (p = 0.00). Acid-etching significantly increased SBS, whereas there are no significant differences between self-etch mode and laser-etching for both adhesives. The bond strength of universal adhesives may depend on application mode. Acid etching may significantly increase bond strength, while laser etching may provide similar bond strength when compared to self-etch mode.
This in vitro study evaluated the effects of simplified ethanol-wet bonding technique on dentin bonding durability of two etchand-rinse adhesives to bovine dentin. Sixteen freshly extracted bovine incisors were divided into four groups according to bonding technique (water-wet or ethanol-wet bonding) and adhesive (Single Bond 2 or Prime & Bond NT). After etching and rinsing, dentin surfaces were left either water-moist or immersed in ethanol. Following adhesive application and composite build-up, bonded teeth were sectioned into sticks for microtensile bond strength (µTBS) testing conducted after 24-h and 12-month water storage. There were no significant differences in bond strength among the groups at 24 h. At 12 months, the bond strengths of adhesives to dentin were significantly decreased (p<0.05). Simplified ethanol-wet bonding did not improve the resin-dentin bonding durability of tested etch-and-rinse adhesives.
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